easy to guess that word formation is the process of formation of new words in a certain language.This article will look at ways of word formation in English.So in English to date, providing 4 of ways: conversion, word, changing the emphasis in word and affixation.Let us consider each of these in more detail.
Conversion
Conversion - the formation of new words without any change in its spelling and pronunciation.Conversion occurs when a word changes its meaning, becomes a new part of speech, and performs a new syntactic function in the sentence.Moreover, as already stated, neither writing nor pronunciation unchanged.For example, a noun water (water) to form a new word - the verb to water (to water).Such examples can be found in the English very much, because it is such a conversion is the most common and acceptable.
compounding
Word formation in English through compounding is an association of full-meaning lexical units or bases of them into one compound word.The new unit can be written as one word or with a hyphen (it develops historically).As examples words such as birthday - birthday (birth + day), airman - Aviator (air + man), and others.Compound words may also be composed of two words written separately.In most cases, the names of nouns, one of which acts as an adjective.For example, shop window - a showcase.
change in emphasis in the word
Sometimes new words are obtained only after the change of emphasis.This method is similar to the conversion of word formation.So, for example, a noun conduct (behavior) with the accent on the first syllable is transformed into a verb to conduct (lead) with the accent on the second syllable.
Affixation
Word formation in English has its own features.Usually affixation - adding to the root of the word suffix or prefix - causes difficulties for language learners.The fact that the prefixes and suffixes, which are attached to the base of the word, so diverse that to understand them very quickly and permanently get immediately.So, what's the point?
prefixes - affixes (prefixes) that attach to the top at the beginning of words, suffixes - at the end.New lexical units which are obtained in the end are called derivatives.As prefixes, suffixes and join the different parts of speech and change their meaning.For example, from the adjective happy (happy) can form a word using the affixation: noun happiness (happiness), the adjective unhappy (accident), adverb happily (happily).Prefixes helps to slightly change the meaning of a word (for example, create the opposite in meaning), point to a denial, and so on.Suffixes, in turn, frequently changes the part of speech.
Conclusion
Word formation in English - a topic that should be studied very carefully, because the variety of options for forming a new word and its meaning from a particular lexical unit is very large.Wrong end of the stoppage may cause that the foreign-language companion simply will not understand you, or understand incorrectly.In any textbook of English you can find a table with values affixes options formation of new words by means of conversion and the change of accent.The main thing is to spend enough time and effort to ensure that the theme was assimilated, and you perfectly know all the nuances that a word formation in English!The exercises and repetition will help you in this difficult matter.
