concept of territorial form of government involves the method of its administrative-territorial organization.Such a state can have a single agency of government, or consist of a plurality of areas, each of which will be subject to their own local government with broad powers.
unitary form of state-territorial structure
unitary form is fairly widespread.Such a state is characterized by the unity of all government agencies, the legal system and constitution, which are distributed without any limitation or qualification, to the territory of the whole country.These countries are Sweden, Italy, Poland, a lot of countries in Africa and Asia.
federal form of government-territorial
In contrast to the unitary, federal form involves a rather complex formation, which includes in its membership units, less ambitious in terms of its size and importance of international law.Included in his subjects may be referred to variously states, land, cantons, Emirates, provinces and so on.But invariably federal form of state-territorial structure suggests that such - local - actors convey part of their sovereignty in favor of central government bodies.Thus, in fact there are two levels of the state apparatus: the highest - federal, whose power extends to the whole country, and the power of the territorial subjects of the federation - it applies only within the land of each subject.Similarly, the laws can be divided into those that are subject to compulsory execution only within limited areas of subjects (as in the US states), and universal - federal.Federal form of state-territorial structure prevails, as a rule, in countries with ethnically diverse (Belgium), the countries that emerged by combining previously independent areas (such as Switzerland, Germany, USA), as well as having a very large-scale territory or a large number of the population (eg,For this reason, Russia's federal form of government is also a territorial and political unit).
Features federative structure:
- state consists of many individual subjects that have their power bodies.
- parliaments of federal states are necessarily bicameral, because one of the chambers is the general federal and the other is made up of representatives of the land.However, it should be noted that the bicameral parliament can operate in a unitary state, not necessarily a sign of it being a federation.
- In many federations, there is the concept of dual citizenship: local and general republics.
- foreign relations in such countries are the exclusive prerogative of the central organs of government.
