flora of our planet is extremely diverse and beautiful.A huge number of various life forms of plants delivers not only aesthetic pleasure, but also brings very tangible practical benefits: a source of food, décor, supplier of medical products, the source of clean and fresh air filled with oxygen and so on.
Among all the life forms of plants is a large place is given to grass as the cultural and wild.They occupy nearly 50% of the total weight of the flora of the planet, so it will consider them.
Herbs: general characteristics
Most often herbs are plants having slightly modified escape.That is, in the classic sense of escape should include the stem, leaves and flower.So here herbs can be observed, not all structural parts.Often modified stem, the leaves acquire a shape and dimensions that help the most to adapt to environmental conditions.
flower as a reproductive organ is, of course, all the herbs.However, the size, shape and color, they are also quite different.This factor will depend on the particular method of pollinating plant species.
wild herbs - a very large group, which includes representatives from almost all the known families of angiosperms.The names of herbs is very diverse.There has historically been "names" and scientific data on a binary nomenclature (in Latin, the first name - family, the second - kind).For example, Leonurus heterophyllus, or Motherwort heterophyllous.
root system branching of the shoot, the structure of the flower and leaves - all of these botanical characteristics will build on the particular genus and species of the plant, so allocate all wild grasses some common morphological features is not possible.
Classification of herbs
based can put different signs, but most commonly used separation grasses on:
- Annuals - buttercups, cornflowers, ageratum, lapchatniki, Datura, poppies, daisies - the names of herbs in this group can be listed for a long timeas they are numerous.
- Biennial - hollyhock, milkweed, clover, lupines, forget-me, the bell, viola and others.
- Perennial - begonias, anemones, alyssum, St. John's wort, bulrush, iris, oxalis, oregano, nard and other.Titles in this category grasses and reflect their purpose.It is obvious that here include many well-known types of drug.
Besides this classification can lead to another.It is based on the area of human use.
- Herbs - celandine, succession, thyme, chamomile, sage, calendula, burnet, lily of the valley and others.
- Cultural agricultural plants - vegetables, fruits, grains (cereals).
- Herbs - Ginger, fennel, horseradish, anise, parsley, basil, lemon balm, vanilla, Cinnamomum, cardamom, muskatnik, saffron, laurel, and so on.
- Ornamental grasses - ornamental cabbage, Euphorbia fringed, white-naped moonseed, young, saxifrage, kochia, Rogers and many others.
In place of growth all herbs can be divided into mountain, forest, meadow, swamp, desert, prairie and garden (weeds and crop plants).
wild herbs Russia
such representatives very much.Almost all of the wild grasses, the name and photo of their representatives can be seen in any relevant encyclopedia.And we will try to consider in more detail the variety of Russian wild herbs.
only drugs known to more than 900 species, and there is also a lot of others.According to climatic zones of their distribution is uneven.It is known that most plants, including herbs, is situated in the more southern, south-eastern and eastern parts of the country.The northern, north-western and western regions of the densely populated, but not so diverse in species composition.
So, you can cite as an example the region of Siberia (Western and Eastern Siberia, the Far East, all of the surrounding areas, up to Chukotka).Here are the most common wild grass, which names the following:
- zygophyllum;
- Tribulus;
- dandelion;
- sorrel;
- shepherd's purse;
- primrose;
- viburnum;
- calla;
- mountaineer;
- saxifrage;
- different sedges;
- feather;
- wormwood;
- quinoa;
- celandine and many others.
Among these can be found both drugs and conventional types.They are united by one thing - they are representatives of the flora living in the wild.Herbs - plants that embrace a single article is impossible.There are too many.The European part of Russia is represented by the diversity of beautiful flowering herbs that form the whole carpets raznotsvetya making wildlife unimaginably beautiful.Among them are the names of herbs, like cranberries, Lysimachia vulgaris, Veronica Chamaedrys, crow eyes, ling, cloves Fischer, forest geranium, chickweed zhestkolistnye.
Due to good climatic conditions of the central zone of Russia boasts many species of medicinal herbs, which are also its flowers create a beautiful summer, spring and autumn landscape.It is like fragrant Solomon's seal, lily of the valley, young pobegonosnoe, melampyrum nemorosum, common daisy, nightshade, blueberries, dead-nettle, hawkweed and others.
on mountain areas and their motley dwell later.
Chin forest
beautiful perennial plant, has a bright pink color of the corolla and a wonderful honey aroma, attracting pollinating insects from the June to the September autumn days.Many grazing animals choose this growing wild beauty to power as the roots, stems and leaves it there is a lot of protein and carbohydrates.Butterfly belongs to the family (legumes).The main economic importance - as a perennial, carries an annual soil drainage, soil-forming processes involved in the well is fed to livestock.Drug does not matter.
meadow buttercup
very widespread plant belonging to the category of toxic.It is found in virtually every part of Russia, it has a high adaptability to environmental conditions.It includes several types of grass, the names and photos of which can be seen below.
Species buttercup:
- caustic ("night blindness" in common);
- Kashubian;
- creeping;
- lesser celandine;
- garden and others.
unsuitable for grazing animals as an escape plant is poisonous.After drying the hay to the state it becomes safe.The medicine is not usually used, but in the alternative is very popular as a remedy for rheumatism, open wounds, boils, tuberculosis and burns.
mountain herbs
The most famous among these - this, of course, Altai grass.A huge number of cosmetic products, medicines, tinctures, salves, ointments, created on the basis of the miracle plant extracts.
fact the very air of the highlands like treats.Almost all of the plants growing on the rocky surface of the Altai, are medicinal.Animals eating the grass, the most strong and healthy.People applying fees to these places for the treatment, have fewer chronic diseases than people in other areas.
Altai Some herbs have received national recognition and the most frequently used person:
- red brush (Rhodiola chetyrehlepestnaya);
- thistle;
- golden rod;
- Russian thistle;
- kopeechnik;
- Borovoy of the uterus (ortiliya sided);
- Veronica black;
- bloodroot white;
- small meadow-rue;
- rank squat;
- burnet;
- calendula ordinary;
- Melilotus officinalis;
- AIR;
- hawkweed umbrella;
- marshmallow drug;
- chokeberry Aronia;
- everlasting sand and many others.
Very common balms, which combine several herbal ingredients.They help with a variety of issues: clean, soothe, tone, normalize blood pressure, reduced sleep, relieve headaches, chronic fatigue and more.Such wild mountain herbs, the names of which have been given above, are very valuable objects of medicine.
Milk
Another name of the Altai herbs - milk thistle.This plant since ancient times was regarded as a very good drug Assistant.Infusions from various parts of herbs help from liver disease, clean the intestines and eliminate the inflammation, relieves swelling and treat jaundice, and many other ailments.
plant itself sometimes reaches 1.5 m in height.The leaves are very beautiful, with a white border and dissected edge.The flowers resemble cones rounded, dark pink or purple.Very valuable property thistle, which applies in folk and traditional medicine is a complete absence of side effects.
Beautiful appearance you can use it not only as a drug, but also as an ornamental plant in many gardens and orchards.
Rhodiola chetyrehlepestnaya
in common - red brush.Endemic of the Altai Territory.One of the most popular among these mountain herbs.It used in folk medicine as well as traditional for the treatment of female pelvic diseases, infertility, male prostate, inflammations.It helps to stop the bleeding, and normalizes the cardiovascular system, helps in the treatment of various kinds of viral and bacterial diseases.
Outwardly very interesting, unusual herb.Description as follows: low, growing on the rocky surface of the plant, with narrow, closely spaced to each other leaves.The flowers are inconspicuous, pale, but the fruits in the form of leaflets very bright red.Leaf shape resembles a brush, for which the plant got its name.
most common herbs
This group includes many representatives worldwide.In Russia, they are also a great variety.After all, almost all plants (except for highly toxic) contain useful alkaloids, essential oils, resins, tannins, minerals and other elements that allow you to use them as herbs.The names of the most common and well-known members of this group growing in the name of our country, as follows:
- chamomile;
- eyebright;
- bloodroot white;
- mother and stepmother;
- balm;
- wintergreen umbrella;
- Borovoy of the uterus;
- raspberry;
- plantain;
- motherwort five-blade;
- Acorus Calamus;
- golden root;
- collision fragrant;
- viburnum red;
- marigold;
- chinensis;
- rosehips ordinary;
- Eleutherococcus senticosus;
- echinacea;
- series;
- celandine and many others.
obvious that list all the plants simply can not, because their diversity is too great.
aloe vera
From household potted plants often used as drug aloe or aloe.This succulent plant with thick fleshy leaves topped with spikes.The aloe juice contains many (up to 200) of different nutrients.They help heal open wounds, inflammation, bacterial and viral diseases.
most common spice plants
They are used as medicines since ancient times, but mostly as food additives, making exquisite dishes, original and very fragrant.Some names of herbs Russia In conclusion, the article: horseradish, dill, parsley, celery, parsnip, black pepper, cardamom, peppermint, lemon balm, mustard, and others.
