eight hundred anniversary of Moscow came in the difficult post-war period.The country was just beginning to recover from the Nazi invasion.However, on this day it was started the construction of Stalin's skyscrapers in Moscow.
laying the foundation of the USSR Council of Ministers in 1947 adopted a resolution on the construction of eight high-rise buildings in Moscow.Of course, this decision were published with the approval of, and even, perhaps, on the initiative of Stalin.
laying the foundation took place at a time, one day, to celebrate the anniversary of the capital - 7 of September.An hour earlier in the Soviet area was built a monument to Yuri Dolgoruky, the founder of Moscow.There is no doubt that these events were intended to reflect the fact that, as once Yury Dolgoruky laid the foundation for the Russian capital since the day of its 800th anniversary, he blesses it with a new significant, we can say a landmark period in its history.
Stalinist skyscraper in Moscow was planned as the personification of the power of the vast country and the entire Soviet people.By the way, they were built, and in some other cities of the Soviet Union and the socialist countries.
grand idea
According to some reports, the original idea of the construction of tall buildings in Moscow was even more daunting.Eight high-rise buildings were to be worthy of the surroundings even more impressive buildings - the Palace of Soviets, crowned by the monumental figure of the leader of the proletariat - VILenin.However, the project was destined to fail.
Although the foundation was laid.Moreover, it was demolished Cathedral of Christ the Savior, in the place where it began the construction of the Palace of Soviets.
worked on the project team of architects led by BMIofana.About
monumental projected building says at least the fact that only the internal volume of the palace would accommodate the three pyramids of Cheops.The figure of Lenin was to reach 100 meters.A total height of the Palace of the Soviets with the monument planned 420 meters.At the time, the higher buildings in the world did not exist.
Construction began in 1937.Before the war had even build a foundation steel buildings as tall as ten-storey house.However, the war not only interrupted construction, but also forced to disassemble metal and send them to the construction of more than necessary for the defense of the capital include bridges and barriers.
Finish the monumental object and failed.His foundation has long functioned pool, and in the 1990s, the site was restored Cathedral of Christ the Savior.
But Stalin skyscraper in Moscow yet been erected.
highest skyscraper
On Sparrow Hills was built the tallest skyscraper Stalin - the main building of Moscow State University.It was built four years - from 1949 to the 1953rd.Project Team Architects: SEChernyshev, LVRudnev, PVAbrosimov, V.Nasonov and AFBoars.
There is evidence that for the construction of the frame of the building took 40 thous. Tons of steel, and wall - 175 million bricks.Weight star set on the spire of the high-rise, is about 12 tons.
height of the main building of Moscow State University reaches 236 meters, the building has 36 floors.For it has been made 68 high-speed elevators and cabins.
worked on the construction of high-rise many prisoners, which promised an early release when the building will be constructed.To stay near the object Builders organized settlement Solntsevo.Now it has become one of the districts of the capital.
In post-Soviet times implausible tales as mushrooms, overgrown with Stalin skyscraper in Moscow: mysticism in them prevails over reality.For example, talk about the secret corridors, suitable for every living room and facilities in order to eavesdrop on the conversations of people.And about MSU legends that it goes into the ground at the same rate, how many towers above the ground.In the basement of his housing plan to place missile defense center of the capital.
«Home aviators»
Stalinist skyscraper in Moscow were built in different parts of the capital.For example, high-rise residential building rose Uprising Square.Once in her place was a village Kudrin.Now the square was returned its old name - Kudrinskaya.
Building skyscraper began in 1948 and ended in 1954.Its height is 156 meters.In the building, there were 24 stories (the central part), the lateral extension consisting of 18 floors.The house was designed for 450 apartments.
building designed by architect A.Mndoyants and MVPosokhin.
to the postwar era, this house was truly a magnificent marble staircase, high-speed elevators, spacious lobbies, rooms with high ceilings ... Apartments in the high-rise went to employees of the aviation industry - namely, test pilots, astronauts, aircraft, so he was nicknamed "House Aviator. "However, lived here and party workers, and actors.
The house is located is also a shop, a movie theater, underground parking and much more.
Skyscraper Unrated
Foreign Ministry building was designed by architects MAMinkus and VGGelfreich.It opened seven Stalinist skyscrapers in Moscow, as it was first built.The building rises on the 172 meters at the Smolensk-Sennaya Square, it consisted of 27 floors, equipped with 28 lifts, most of whom were high-speed.
The original plan had the first building of the spire.However, in this form it is not like Stalin.And, as the story goes, he immediately instructed him to finish building.With this were connected some difficulties, primarily because of the additional load.Therefore spire installed in more decorative, sheet steel.Naturally, neither of which the star speech could not go (will not be sustained spire).Therefore, on the building at a height of 114 meters built a coat of arms of the USSR.
the way, today in Stalin Skyscraper is not only the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade.
second highest - "Ukraine»
Construction of the building began in 1953, was completed in 1957, it is already under Khrushchev.However, and there initially conceived hotel.Here are just a name for it, Khrushchev chose another.After all, Ukraine - his birthplace.
building was designed by architects AGMordvinova and VKOltarzhevskaya on Kutuzovsky Prospekt.Height without the spire reaches 198 meters, the spire adds another 8 meters.The high-rise - 34 floors.
Tour Stalinist skyscrapers in Moscow, of course, will not pass side and "Ukraine".Although, if only because it is located diorama or layout of Moscow in 1977.It was made for the National Exhibition in America, and orders his Ministry of Foreign Affairs.Made diorama very skilfully and historical center of Moscow is almost thoroughly.
Hotel from 2005 to 2010, has undergone a major overhaul, making it the new owners.After that, the hotel was named «RadissonRoyalHotel».
house creative intelligentsia
House construction began before the war (1938-1940.), And ended in 1952.Architects - AKRostkowska and DNChechulin.
building had 32 floors, and its height reached 176 meters.It was decorated with turrets and sculptural groups.Located in a very beautiful place - at the confluence of the Moskva River and Yauza.
not news that Stalin skyscraper in Moscow, partly built of prisoners.On the building of the Moscow State University was already talking.House on the waterfront Tinkers also built the "convicts".
possible, on the idea of the government once the building had to have another purpose.On this occasion, too, go to various legends.However, after the construction of the house gave intellectuals.At various times, we lived there Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Galina Ulanova, Andrei Voznesensky, Faina Ranevskaya, Lyudmila Zykina, Nona Mordjukova and many other celebrities.So the house was an elite.
The ground floor housed a post office, a bakery, a cinema.
At the very height of the Garden Ring
Because the Stalinist skyscraper was built on the highest point of the Garden Ring, it is, despite the smaller size compared to other buildings, looks very impressive and visually inferior to the other.
building was designed by architects BSMezentsev and ANDushkin.It was the administrative and residential building 138 meters high.His tent was crowned longline type.
construction of skyscrapers in the area of the Red Gate was fraught with some difficulties.There's also built the deepest metro station, and one wing of the building was situated over the station.Uneasy had architects.But they did, as needed, using ingenious ideas: Frozen and excavation and construction of the building at an angle (when defrosted pit, leveled the building).
Administration building in Soviet times by the Ministry of Transport Engineering.Now there are offices of the corporation "Transstroy".In residential building, which was located on the site of Stalin's skyscrapers, born Mikhail Lermontov.
most "petite" - hotel "Leningrad»
interesting stories deserve all the Stalinist skyscraper in Moscow.Photos also can decorate them any album.
Hotel "Leningrad" in height (136 meters) behind other skyscrapers, but on the interior design is superior to all others.It combines elements of ancient architecture and temple architecture.For the interior were used rare breeds of stone, huge crystal chandeliers, a relief depicting St. George, wrought iron doors, sculptures ... The building's architect - LMAB PolyakovBoretsky.
The hotel, which is now called «HiltonMoscowLeningradskaya», organized special tours.
hotel is located close to Komsomolskaya Square, also called the "three stations square" (Kazan, Yaroslavl and Leningrad).
Addresses Stalinist skyscrapers in Moscow did not have to know for sure.Guidelines include: Sparrow Hills, Kudrinskaya Square, Kotelnicheskaya embankment, Kutuzov Avenue, the area of the Red Gate, a street and Kalanchevskaya Arbat.
Was eighth skyscraper?
The Jubilee Day in Moscow was laid 8 buildings.The administrative building, which is planned to be built in charge (architect Dmitry Chechurin), did not have time to build.By 1953 he was ready only stylobate.
After Stalin's death mothballed construction.Later, in the 60s, in its place was built the hotel "Russia", which was then demolished.
So how Stalin's skyscrapers in Moscow?Seven.And each of them deserves special attention.It is the history of the capital.
