first young ruler of the Soviet Union, which arose as a result of the October Revolution of 1917, became head of the RCP (B) - the Bolshevik Party - Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin), who headed the "revolution of the workers and peasants."All subsequent rulers of the Soviet Union occupied the post of General Secretary of the Central Committee of this organization, which, since 1922, was renamed the Communist Party - the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
note that the ideology of ruling the country, denied the possibility of any popular elections or voting.Change the top leaders of the state of the ruling clique carried out either after the death of its predecessor, either as a result of coups, accompanied by real hard inner-party struggle.This article will list the rulers of the Soviet Union in chronological order and marked the major stages of life some of the most colorful historical figures.
Ulyanov (Lenin) Vladimir Ilyich (1870-1924)
One of the most famous figures in the history of Soviet Russia.Vladimir Ulyanov was behind its creation was the organizer and one of the leaders of the event which gave rise to the world's first communist state.Heading into the October 1917 coup aimed at overthrowing the provisional government, he was appointed chairman of the Council of People's Commissars - as head of the new countries formed from the wreckage of the Russian Empire.
His merit is considered a peace treaty with Germany in 1918, which marked the end of Russia's participation in World War I, as well as the NEP - the new government's economic policy, which was supposed to lead the country out of the abyss of endemic poverty and hunger.All the rulers of the Soviet Union saw themselves as "true Leninists" and strongly praised Vladimir Ulyanov as a great statesman.
It should be noted that immediately after the "reconciliation with the Germans," the Bolsheviks under Lenin's leadership unleashed terror against internal dissent and heritage of tsarism, which claimed millions of lives.NEP policy also did not last long and was canceled shortly after his death on January 21, 1924.
Dzhugashvili (Stalin), Stalin (1879-1953)
Joseph Stalin in 1922, became the first General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee.However, until the death of Lenin, he remained on the sidelines management by the state, giving the popularity of his other colleagues also metivshim rulers in the Soviet Union.Nevertheless, after the death of Stalin, the leader of the world proletariat in a short time eliminated his main opponents, accusing them of betraying the ideals of the revolution.
By the early 1930s he became the sole leader of the people of stroke of the pen to decide the fate of millions of citizens.His policies of forced collectivization and dispossession, which came to replace the NEP, and mass repression against people who are dissatisfied with the current government, claimed the lives of hundreds of thousands of Soviet citizens.However, during the reign of Stalin remarked not only a trail of blood, it is worth noting the positive aspects of his leadership.In a short time, the Soviet Union has become the country with the third-powerful economy in the industrial power, win the battle against fascism.
After World War II, many cities the western Soviet Union, destroyed almost to the ground, were quickly repaired, and their industry earned more effectively.The rulers of the Soviet Union occupied the top post after Joseph Stalin, denied his leadership role in the development of the state and characterized his rule as the period of the personality cult of the leader.
Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971)
Coming from a peasant family, Khrushchev began at the helm of the party soon after Stalin's death, which occurred March 5, 1953 The first years of his reign, he led a hidden struggle with G.M. Malenkov, who served as chairman of the Council of Ministers and is the de facto head of state.
In 1956 Khrushchev was read out at the Twentieth Party Congress report on Stalin's repressions, condemning the actions of his predecessor.The reign of Nikita Khrushchev noted the development of the space program - the launch of an artificial satellite and the first manned flight into space.His new housing policy has enabled many citizens to move from the cramped communal apartments in a comfortable separate housing.Houses were constructed in large quantities at a time, until now the people are called "Khrushchev".
Brezhnev Leonid Brezhnev (1907-1982)
October 14, 1964 Khrushchev was ousted from his position a group of members of the Central Committee under the leadership of Leonid Brezhnev.For the first time in the history of the state rulers of the Soviet Union in order not changed after the death of the leader, as a result of intra-party conspiracy.Brezhnev era in the history of Russia is known as congestion.The country stopped in the development and began to play the world's leading powers behind them in all sectors, except for the military industry.
Brezhnev took a few attempts to improve relations with the US, damaged Cuban missile crisis in 1962, when Khrushchev ordered to place missiles in Cuba with nuclear warheads.There were signed contracts with the US leadership that limited arms race.However, all the efforts of Leonid Brezhnev to defuse the situation had crossed the invasion of Afghanistan.
Andropov Yuri (1914-1984)
after Brezhnev's death, the ensuing November 10, 1982, was replaced by Yuri Andropov, who led before the KGB - Committee for State Security of the USSR.He took a course on reforms and changes in the social and economic spheres.During his reign marked prosecutions exposing corruption in government circles.However, Yuri did not have time to make any changes in the life of the state, since he had serious health problems and died on 9 February 1984.
Chernenko Chernenko (1911-1985)
On February 13, 1984 held the post of General Secretary of the CPSU.He continued the policy of his predecessor to expose corruption in the echelons of power.He was very ill, and died on March 10, 1985, after spending the highest public office just over a year.All past rulers of the Soviet Union in order, routine in the state, were buried near the Kremlin wall, and Konstantin Chernenko was the last on the list.
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (1931)
Mikhail Gorbachev is best known Russian politician the late twentieth century.He won the love and popularity in the West, but the citizens of his country, his reign is twofold sense.If Europeans and Americans call it the great reformer, many people in Russia believe the destroyer of the Soviet Union.Gorbachev declared the domestic economic and political reforms, which took place under the slogan of "Perestroika, Glasnost, Haste!", Which led to massive shortages of food and industrial goods, unemployment and falling living standards.
claim that the era of the reign of Mikhail Gorbachev had only negative consequences for the life of our country, it would be wrong.In Russia, the concepts of a multiparty system, freedom of religion and the press.In its foreign policy, Gorbachev was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.The rulers of the Soviet Union and Russia, either before or after Mikhail Sergeyevich did not receive such honor.
