The race, as well as in intergroup relations, the important role played by ethnic stereotypes.They are simplified images of individuals that have a high degree of consistency.As a rule, all the stereotypes are assimilated in childhood, and it is never the result of experience.Usually they are derived from secondary sources, looking at the parents, friends, grandparents and so on.Plus, this is long before a child begins to give yourself an assessment, identify themselves to any particular group or have an idea of the self.
General
the first time on this element as ethnic stereotypes of behavior, spoke in 1922.I made it a popular American journalist, who conducted his own investigation.He said that the formation of stereotypes is a natural thing, which only plays into the hands of man.
Firstly, when people come into contact with a complex social object, which they have not seen before, then simply do not know how to should be conducted.And in this case, they will help "picture of the world" that are found in the minds and thoughts are passed on from generation to generation.
Second, using stereotypes of each person will be able to justify themselves, to protect.Therefore, his position, rights and values will always be a certain weight.
Thus, stereotypes help humanity deal with the perception of the world, while maintaining the personal qualities, as well as to navigate in difficult situations.Accordingly, when it comes to ethnic prejudices, people will be able to feel normal in a society of foreigners, as part of the information about them is available.
But there is a downside.Unfortunately, a lot of the stereotypes formed in childhood will not be possible to change (with rare exceptions).Perhaps that is why mankind can not move forward in the development, since it got stuck at the stage of prejudice.
Stereotypes at the dawn of history
Initially ethnic stereotypes mean only one thing: all the other people - the enemies.In primitive society meeting with other tribes promised only death and war, so for a long time people could not establish a connection between.
When tribal contacts began to expand, for example, there was an exchange, the man has become not only learn new things about their neighbors, but also about himself.Now he realized that he can not always raise his weapon against another member of the primitive society.It is not just a tribesman, helping in the hunt, and a friend, father or brother in an emotional sense.
Next prejudices began to develop in full swing, because how many tribes, so there and stereotypes.Moreover, a certain way of another ethnic group based on certain historical moments.For example, if one company more constant conflict, it was assessed as violent, aggressive.If the exchange began at once, and even on favorable terms, the tribe received more benign assessment, it became a kind, friendly.
Examples
very diverse ethnic stereotypes, examples of appropriate behavior or thinking can lead indefinitely.Moreover, the bias will be based on one nation, which lies in the idea of people-related culture, homeland and patterns of behavior.
There are several stereotypes that Russian relate to other inhabitants of the planet:
- All Germans are punctual and pedantic.
- All Jews are smart, but greedy.
- All Americans have a standard way of thinking, they can not deviate from the course set in childhood or legislation.For example, no American will own a new bulb screwed if she burned.This will specially trained people.
- All Spaniards are too emotional, they are hot-tempered.
At the same time a Russian man from other nations are also made up a certain stereotype.The most common of these is a tamed bear, who plays the balalaika, and, of course, vodka - it all Russians eat breakfast, lunch and dinner.
Classification
If we consider not only the ethnic stereotypes, examples of relationships between specific people, or high-grade companies will be divided into several types:
- people's perceptions of each other.That is, those prejudices, which are formed within a narrow group of people.For example, parents should be respected, senior esteem and so on.These stereotypes will be installed in the minds of the younger generation only on condition that the senior doing their implementation, not just empty talk.
- intersexual stereotypes.Examples: women should stay home, and men - work;boys do not cry, girls are always stupid.
- age stereotypes.Examples: difficult teenagers in education and controlling, the elderly are always nagging.
- Ethnic stereotypes.
In principle, the types of ethnic stereotypes formed in the development of society.In addition, they are formed in each individual.Assuming that the individual came to Prague, and at the station he stole a purse, he may think that all Czechs - thieves.That is, there are generally accepted ethnic prejudices and private.
How is the process of forming
problem of prejudice has always existed, and the formation of ethnic stereotypes affect it to a greater extent.Even today, anyone can find all the information that he is interested in the stability of prejudice still present.
formation begins in early childhood.However, at a young age a child can not think in terms of relations among nations, and it adds up stereotypes about their family and its relationship with other people.But the process is laid directly at this time.Ethnic stereotypes
first manifest themselves in adolescence, when people most vulnerable to them.If a girl or a guy still has not developed its own opinion on some issue, it will replace the self-imposed ideas of thinking.That is why any propaganda for young people will instantly absorb the information.This is due to the fact that there are stereotypes rigidity.Teens who received the pace of development of thinking, simply do not realize how to think differently.Still, changes are present, and the Internet is playing a significant role.
ethnic picture of the world today
features ethnic stereotypes are slowly beginning to fade, but still can not completely exclude them.Primitive ethnic picture of the world is quite different.Then prejudice played a special role, they helped families survive.For example, with some communities could be the adjusted relations with other - hostile.The sooner a new member of this society learned, the more he had a chance of survival.
in modern ethnic stereotypes are based more on emotion than on hostility and so on.Most often they are negative load.For example, if the Russian communicates with the Americans, because of the prejudices he may initially frivolous evaluate his interlocutor.His bias adds bad emotions, and both.The same is true of the other nations.
Ethnic tolerance
Today, ethnic stereotypes and ethnic images gradually begin to merge into one concept.Previously, it was different.For example, the Russian thought that all the Scots wear skirts (both men and women).This ethnic stereotype.But they could be familiar with the separately taken a Scot, who dressed just like everyone else, that is, pants or jeans.This ethnic images.
in modern that civil society was formed properly, you need to educate the younger generation tolerance.In the latter lays the ability to appreciate and respect the culture of other peoples, their traditions and customs.If we take the same example of Scotland, the wearing of the kilt will not be ridiculed.This is tolerance.
franca
Russian Ethnic stereotypes, like many other nations, are formed during adolescence.And the task of parents, teachers and mentors is to create an environment in which young people will not go on about the imposed opinions.Teens need to develop your own thought processes, and hence their stereotypes.
If you do not give such opportunities to the younger generation, humanity will not continue their spiritual development.For example, stereotypes can create a very negative situation in the course of inter-ethnic communication.Moreover, if a person has received any prejudice, he will not refute them in life.On the contrary, it will continually find examples that support them.
Accordingly, to international communication is entering a new tolerance level, it is necessary to abandon the stereotypes.
Conclusion
Thus, ethnic stereotypes of behavior are not the product that summarizes the same or similar features of a nation.They are the personal qualities of individuals are replaced by deliberately one-sided bias.The latter, in turn, is a negative attitude towards a particular group of people.
As a result, the appropriate behavior is formed alertness, from both sides.First go on about their stereotypes, the latter behave badly due to disrespect.It formed a kind of alienation that causes confusion and hampers all subsequent interaction.
