the south-east of Moscow, is the largest and most beloved citizens state museum-reserve "Tsaritsyno".
history manor
In 1775, in the village of black mud began construction of suburban royal residence.The decree issued on the beginning of construction of the Empress Catherine II.
beginning the construction of the estate was entrusted to the famous Russian architect Vasily Bazhenov.He decided to step back a little from the traditional classical style and to create a new architectural ensemble of buildings on the basis of asymmetry.According to the authors, it was to consist of several small palaces, decorated in its own style.
first was built Figured bridge.He was like the gates with massive towers and windows, battlements.This is truly a unique structure of the Russian architect of the XVIII century.In 1778, Catherine was erected Middle and Small palaces, which were meant to live the Empress.
At the same time began the construction of the Grand Palace, in 1784 - the construction of the Bread House.This building was designed to store food and cooking for the imperial table.It also planned to equip the premises for servants.
After a preliminary examination of Catherine II were unhappy with the work of the architect, and Bazhenov was suspended from work.He was replaced by no less well-known architect M. Kazakov.By order of the Empress's Grand Palace was completely disassembled.
Mikhail Kazakov tried to save a lot of draft Bazhenov, find a compromise.To this end, he left the planning structure of the palaces, but in addition it imposed a kind of "gothic" decoration.As a result of the original decision, a new style - the pseudo-specialists often refer to it as "Russian Gothic".It should be noted that this is the only palace in Europe, made in this style.
but the dream of Catherine II of the new residence was not to be.During the life of Empress Palace was not completed.And in 1797, after her death, the construction stopped altogether.
unique palace complex gradually began to revive only in the last century.In 1993, this historic site is now called Museum.It was included in the list of monuments of history and culture of Russia.
Tsaritsyno today
museum-reserve "Tsaritsyno" in recent years has changed.It has enjoyed the many Muscovites and guests of the capital.For visitors it is impressive and well maintained modern museum complex, picturesque ponds.
museum-reserve "Tsarina" famous for the fact that during World War II in one of the houses near the church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, lived bayou Matrona of Moscow.
Park
With this fabulous place we recommend to start discovering the museum-reserve "Tsaritsyno".The park began to take shape at the beginning of the XVIII century.
Its basis was a regular garden, featuring clear geometry plantations and alleys.
In Catherine's time the fashion for them has passed, replaced by irregular English gardens.To organize such plantations in the Tsarina in 1784 was invited by the gardener from London Frances Reid.
However, the true flowering of Tsaritsyno park came at the beginning of the XIX century.For registration were used various "artistic undertaking": pavilions, gazebos, bridges, grottos.
huge role in the creation of the park played JV Egotov - an outstanding architect.
Unfortunately, at the end of the last century, the park was in disrepair - it became a running, not well maintained forest park.
In 2007 it was restored.He was released from the self-sown plants and dead wood.On the basis of archival documents and archaeological sites was restored historical network of paths and trails of the park.
Ponds Reserve
«Tsarina" - Museum-Reserve, which photos we posted our article has two ponds - Upper and Lower Shipilovsky.They appeared on the estate by the middle of the XVII century, after the construction of dams on the rivers Yazvenko, Gorodnya and Cherepishka.
the dam were built mill.Ponds will be one harmonious cascade with Borisov pond, which was created during the time of Tsar Boris Godunov.
Today Borisov and Tsaritsyno ponds are considered the oldest and largest of the length and the area in a modern capital city.
total area of more than 180 hectares of ponds.
Grand Palace
Many visitors come to the museum-reserve "Tsarina" to see it is a monumental structure.The Grand Palace was built in 1793 by F. M. Kazakov.It was built on the site of the old palace, which was designed by Vasily Bazhenov.
creating a new palace, Matvey Kazakov faced with a difficult task.It was necessary to enter into the new building already established ensemble.
At the end of the XIX century from the old Palace Bazhenov removed the surviving remnants of the roof and completely dismantled the coating towers.From the palace there were only walls.
reconstruction of the palace began in 2005.In two years, the picturesque ruins that collapsed nearly two centuries, turned into a museum complex.
In 2007, the opening of the palace ensemble.
Today, the restored palace, as if born again.Based on the ideas of M. Kazakov was executed openwork decoration of the facade.
Chief (Catherine's) Hall of the palace, whose area exceeds 300 square meters.meters, has a grand staircase and adjacent ceremonial sitting rooms, decorated in the style of the XVIII century.
hall is decorated magnificent statue of Catherine II, made of marble, the work of A. Opekushin.
The remaining rooms are now located exhibition featuring various museums in Moscow.
Small Tsaritsyno Palace
This building - one of the few buildings in the ensemble Tsaritsyno, which retained the name since the time Bazhenov.
Small Tsaritsinsky Palace - one of the three intended for Catherine II.It was the smallest and cozy.
In 1804, when the Tsarina became available to the public, the building was leased to the Frenchman Lekanov expelled from Russia in 1812, which is organized here, "Coffee House".
the middle of the XX century the palace were only crumbling walls.
Fully restored palace was in 1996.He became part of the museum-reserve "Tsaritsyno".
Kitchen Building
Built by architect Vasily Bazhenov in 1778.It was called "Bread House".In the XIX century it has worked hospital for peasants, and later - zemstvo school.Then the room in a building rented to summer cottagers.After the October Revolution to the 1970s of the last century, it housed communal apartments.
In early 2006, the Bread House was restored.Today it is the main building for thematic exhibitions.
Singing Fountain
The reserve has a unique structure, which has always attracted the attention of visitors of the complex.We are talking about the "singing fountain."Its diameter - 55 meters.The fountain consists of 807 jets, which, under the sounding melody simultaneously raised to a height of 15 meters.Illumination has 3312 lamps.The fountain operates only during spring and summer.
Where is the museum
museum-reserve "Tsarina" at the address ul.Dolskaya, d. 1, is always happy guests.The easiest way to get to the museum, take the subway.It is necessary to go to the station "Tsaritsyno".Out on the street, you should go straight, and after a minute you will be presented museum-reserve "Tsaritsyno".How to get here, now you know, so do not delay the trip.
Mode
museum-reserve "Tsarina" is open every day from 11.00 to 18.00.Park can be viewed from 6.00 to 24.00 hours.On Saturday the operation be extended for one hour.Ticket office closes one hour before the end of the complex.
Tickets
free you can get to the park."Tsarina" (Museum-Reserve) ticket prices are quite reasonable set - single ticket for inspection Bread House and the Grand Palace - 350 rubles.Students, children under 12 years of age, people with disabilities, parents with many children, pensioners pay 50 rubles.
And another tip.Anyone who wants to visit the museum-reserve "Tsarina" map showing the sights of the complex definitely need.Purchase can be in the pavilion at the main entrance.
