Our planet is inhabited by many birds, whose name is sometimes we do not even have heard of.They are found everywhere in the forests, mountains, plains, on the coasts and seas, even in the cold tundra.A variety of wildlife in this group is so large that, for example, only on the territory of the Russian Federation can meet representatives from more than 400 species, including not only settled, but also migratory birds, photos with names which are easy to find in the atlas.
passerine
Interestingly, more than 50% of all species of birds are passerine, and the youngest is a bead (6 g), and the largest - the raven (1.5 kg).There are four subspecies of birds singing, polupevchie screaming (Tirana) and shirokoklyuvye (boatbill).Habits and painting birds, including forest, very diverse, and the singing and the most impressive looking males.They are the first to arrive at the chosen nesting place, and the singing represent the territory and attract females.Some species, such as starlings and jays, are able to copy the voices of different birds and some words of our language.Ubiquitous.
Some passerines during the nesting swarms live, but most forms pairs.Place the male chooses, and different subspecies prefer this hollow, tree branches, rocks, holes in the ground, rocks and so forth. Reproduction occurs in spring or summer, although, for example, crossbill not afraid of the cold, and if enough food (spruce and pine cones), it nests, even in January.
All passerines output chicks are born covered with a light fuzz barely, deaf and blind, but very fast growing.Feed young and female and male.In 10-15 days accompanied by a parent kids fly out of the nest;the species that nest in the hollows, it happens a little later - in the 20-25 day.
names of birds that belong to the passerine, always hearing: sparrow, tit, oriole, robin, starling, wagtail, oatmeal and others. The larger can distinguish a crow, jay, cardinal, thrush, Fieldfare.
Birds of parks, gardens, meadows and fields
passerine birds inhabit gardens and public parks, live in the fields and meadows.Forest and deserted representatives are usually of small size, are granivorous and insectivorous birds.It songbirds with short legs that are perfectly adapted to life in the trees.In the fields, mixed woods, parkland and gardens, often you can see a bird, starlings, rooks, bullfinch, crow, nightingale, magpie, finch, checkbox, and many other members of the order.Names of birds are known to us since childhood.
Many families have remarkably adapted to the conditions of an open space where there are no tall trees.These include Skylark, oatmeal, pheasant, partridge and others. Patrol expanses of fields in search of snakes and small rodents hunter-owls, harriers, steppe eagles.
All birds of open spaces in its own way adapted to the environment.Some of them are excellent moves on the ground, not only in search of food, but also to escape from the enemy, almost without using the wings.They have lost the ability to fly, but they have strong legs with short fingers, which contributes to fast running and digging the earth.This group of birds are Galliformes (grouse, pheasant, partridge, guinea fowl, Craxi), ostriches and others.
Day and night "flying" carnivores characterized by powerful wings and sharp claws that helps them to hunt.This group includes falcons, black vultures, hawks, owls, harriers meadow and field, etc..
steppe birds
Russian steppe stretched all the way from the shores of the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea to the Urals, and it is natural that in such open spaceslives a great variety of birds.Steppe and desert bird species and the names of which we give below, have to be careful.Open space is not too rich in shelters, so sometimes just a quick reaction and the flight can save the bird from the enemy.
Since steppe and desert species to move a lot in the grass in search of food, their legs enough for this development.In addition to steppe birds grouse are: demoiselle, stone curlew, little bustard, Sociable Lapwing, bustards and others. They cleverly hidden in the grass because of the "camouflage" color feathers and easy to find food in the fertile steppe soils.Plants and insects - a staple food, but the birds of prey, a photo with the names of which can be found in any textbook, prey on snakes, frogs and rodents, which are a great multitude, and not neglect carrion.Some species of birds make their nests directly in the ground, and large predators - in the rare trees in these places.
desert bird
little birds in the wilderness, because they do not suffer thirst.In Russia, Astrakhan region south and east of Kalmykia are desert areas that abound in vegetation and moisture only in the spring.Feel comfortable in rather difficult conditions such birds as deserted chicken, bustard, warblers, steppe eagle.In the border areas near water can nest pelicans, mute swans, ducks, egrets.
Not to mention the world's largest flightless birds - African ostriches, the weight of which can reach more than 150 kg.Evolution has taken care of it, giving a long neck for a good overview of the terrain and the powerful leg for fast running and hitting the enemy during the fight.Living owls numerous families;feed on vegetation, insects, lizards, rodents, but can pick up the remains of a meal predators.Funny story about that ostriches bury their heads in the sand - just a joke, but the females hatch at the sight of danger literally flattened on the ground, trying to become invisible.Because of the heat in the summer desert birds are active during the night and in the winter - in the afternoon, when the heat.
Forest birds
Forest birds make their nests on trees and bushes, and in the hollows.Woody vegetation is for them not only a safe haven but a place of food production.Therefore legs in most species are arranged so that it is easy grasping branches.The common features are the long tails and broad wings shortened to quickly take off, braking and manufacture cunning maneuvers among the thick branches.To include most forest passerine birds, woodpeckers, owls and kurinoobraznyh.
have vertical climbing the trunks of birds claws are sharp and curved.Some names in this group of forest birds characterize this method of travel (nuthatches).To support and balance pikas and woodpeckers use a tail, and tits, finches and some other Pichugov, getting food, can be suspended from the branches below.Wild predators prey in flight, or rapidly falling down on its prey.
Birds of prey forest
characteristic features daytime and nighttime predators forests are sharp hooked beak and long claws on strong legs.In addition, they have excellent eyesight and hearing.
Some names of birds in Russia, belonging to the forest predators: owls, owl, owl, honey buzzard, buzzard, goshawk, and others.
origin of names of birds
Names of birds are not chosen at random: almost all of them presuppose any special features, noted by humans.For example, for voice and singing style are the names of the cuckoo (cuckoo), chizhu (chi-chi), Tit (Blue-Blue), Rook (gras gras), and the hoopoe, gulls, lapwings and many other birds.
as the characteristic plumage and the bird got Urals names: greenfinch, grouse, redstart (Jay) and Pichugov such as flytrap, honey buzzard and nutcracker suggest about their eating habits.Wagtails and vertigolovku easily distinguished by the behavior, but some birds nesting location is literally embedded in their name: Swallow Sand Martin, digs holes on the high banks, and Warbler hiding in the dense vegetation of the lake.
easy to remember the names of the birds for the kids if they look like their sound, for example, when walking, like a heron.She slowly walks on the marsh mud, like a "Chapa", raising long legs, and a rustic dialect modified the name of a bird of "Czapla" in the heron.Or, if you are associated, for example, with the snow went from the origin of the name of the bird bullfinch.
But hunters know what his name was grouse when he tokuet, then so involved that literally deaf and did not hear the dangerous noise.But when pauses, turns the whole into account.
By the time the names of the data distributed in such birds as the chaffinch and robin.Little finches come and go in the most chilly, cold months, so they are well named, although they quite cold-resistant.A robin, which often settles in the gardens closer to the people, sonorous singing meets morning and evening dawn.
Bullfinch
original and Russian origin of the name bird bullfinch, as he arrives to our region in winter, with snow, and in spring flies off into the dark coniferous forests.Bullfinch always associated with the new year, so the image krasnopuzogo small adorn everyday objects, decorate Christmas cards and souvenirs.
Birds are part of a family and live in flocks of finches, constantly echoing each other whistle.In winter, it found even in urban parks.Breeds with the onset of heat to the alpine and boreal forests of Eurasia, the Caucasus, the Carpathians.It feeds on berries, seeds, buds of trees.
Waterfowl Waterfowl, photos, and whose names are listed below - these are birds that are able to stay on the water.They do not include species that are only found in food reservoirs.Due to the special way of life they are characterized by common features: webbed fingers, dense plumage and secretory gland, lubricating feathers.
name waterfowl, more troops, is a derivative of the brightest representative: Anseriformes, Pelecaniformes, gagaroobraznye, gulls, pingvinoobraznye and others. The food is fish, molluscs, frogs, algae, which they get by diving into the water as cormorantsand dives, or lowering the head just as swans and ducks.Seagulls can fish on the fly, plunging into the water only a beak.
Waterfowl Russia
widespread on the territory of the Russian Federation have waterfowl, photos and names of the majority of which are familiar to everyone.Although most are migrating ducks, geese, swans and other. At the end of the summer begins active migration of aquatic birds wintering in place.By the way, some representatives of this group spend most of the year far out to sea, returning to shore just for nesting and hatching (some ducks).Habitats can rightly be considered Sakhalin Kuril Islands, Kamchatka Peninsula, the Crimea and other places with an abundance of water reservoirs.
Waterfowl Russian bird names are long-tailed ducks and eiders, are found in Yakutia and Chukotka on the shores of the lake.Along the Volga nest: moorhen, red-crested pochard, great crested grebe, gray goose, mute swan, coot.
Red Bird
In all variety of birds highlights red bird, whose name is very exotic, as well as bright plumage.If our lentils, and bullfinches crossbills partially painted in the color, flamingo, Tanagra, Virginian Cardinal, Southern Red Bishop, ibis - almost entirely red.Most of these birds inhabit the tropical forests in the south of America, Hawaii and other islands, Australia and Africa.They belong to the passerine, ploceidae, phoenicopteriformes, Ciconiiformes and other species.
Interesting features birds
Different kinds of birds, above all, different body size, beak shape, plumage color and habitat.All features of difficult to describe briefly, so touch on just a few.Interestingly, each bird's beak is arranged so that it can easily produce their own food.As a result, the division of the morphological adaptations of birds appeared in the form of the beak into 14 groups, among which are omnivores, fishermen, insectivores, cutwater, mowers, feed on conifer seeds, nectar or fruit, scavengers, predators and others.
As a result of observation, it was noticed that some bird species has a remarkable intellect and ingenuity.So, gulls and crows finding shellfish or nuts, lift it into the air and then drop to the ground to break up, repeating the manipulation several times.A Green Heron to attract fish thrown into the water bait in the form of branches or leaves.Parrots, jays and rooks yield learning human speech, and Dyatlov reel uses a thin stick to pick open a crack in the bark of the tree and take out insects.
role of birds in nature and human
value of birds in nature, it is impossible to downplay: interacting and animals they build complex relationships that contribute to natural selection.Birds help to spread seeds, and some species are cross pollinated flowering plants.
Birds of prey keep the balance growth of rodents.And thanks Pichugov insectivorous, eating the caterpillars and larvae, saved many crops, including livestock, which is very useful to humans.That is why take full measures for the conservation of various species of birds, as well as nature reserves are created.
