On our planet, there are more than 70,000 creatures of all kinds of crustaceans.They are found in almost all water bodies of the world: in rivers, lakes, seas, and of course, the ocean.With all the variety of crustaceans, even today, not all of their species are well studied zoology.One of the most prominent representatives of this subtype is the largest marine animal cancer lobster, hermit crab and crab mantis.
What are crustaceans?
so called huge group (subtype) arthropods animals.These include well known to us crabs, shrimp, crayfish, sea crayfish (Bogomolov, hermits, lobsters), crayfish and the like. D. Currently, scientists described about 73 thousand species of these creatures.Representatives of this group of animals have mastered almost all types of bodies of water on our planet.
vast majority of crustaceans - is actively moving creatures, but in nature can be found and fixed form, such as barnacles or barnacles.It is worth noting that not all crustaceans - marine animals, some of them, such as crabs and woodlice prefer to dwell in the land.
Lifestyle
Crustaceans animals, including lobster and crab mantis, and hermit crabs, are within their family and species both large and small.Many of these animals are able to disguise themselves well, radically changing its color in the color of the surrounding soil, for example, a blue lobster.As we mentioned above, while some cancers run, swim and climb everywhere, while others prefer a passive lifestyle, attaching themselves to the different underwater objects.
Many crustaceans being protected from enemies by using calcareous shells, but not everyone has that opportunity.For example, cancer is a major sea lobster and shrimp and crabs have no shell.Their body is covered with robust armor, consisting of solid chitin plates.These shells also have friends all crayfish.
Reproduction
marine crustaceans reproduce by laying eggs.All major cancers they look like fish eggs.For example, lobsters lay their eggs in extremely large amounts - from 1.5 up to 600 million units for the period.Of course, not all of the eggs will hatch crustaceans.The vast majority of them go to feed the fish and other marine animals.
So, let's look at a few details brightest representatives subtype marine crustaceans animals mantis shrimp, lobster and cancer hermit (lobster).
Cancer mantis
These animals live in shallow waters in the subtropical and tropical seas.Their unique feature - the most complex eyes in the world.For example, if we can discern only the three primary colors and their shades, the mantis shrimp can see a spectrum of 12 colors.Scientists have studied these animals are sure that they see infrared and ultraviolet colors, and different types of polarization of the light flux.
Lifestyle and hunting mantis
Sea crab mantis - a rather aggressive creature, leading a solitary lifestyle.Most of the time he spends in crevices or burrows in the ground.His asylum mantis shrimp leave only when foraging or change habitats.Their prey, these creatures are caught using a sharp and jagged segments for grasping feet: during the attack of sea crab mantis makes some fast and powerful kicks to the victim, killing her.They feed on small animals such as crayfish and snails.They do not disdain carrion.
Hermit crab
These creatures have an unusual shape.In many respects it depends on their habitats.Hermit crabs encased in a spiral-wound shell.Outside, visible only three pairs of walking legs.The first pair of pincers arranged in different sizes.The biggest claw acts as a stopper: its marine hermit crab plug input into its shell.
Lifestyle hermits
name of this species of sea crayfish speaks for itself: they lead a solitary lifestyle.As the majority of homes and shelters hermits used shells left over from gastropods.These creatures live in tidal zones and small depths of the sea.Some hermit crabs can permanently leave the watery element, returning to the sea only during their breeding season.Hermits - typical Swarm.
Lobster (lobster)
It is a large family of marine invertebrates cancer.At first glance it may resemble the creation of the well-known crayfish, but the difference between them is still there.All members of this family is a tremendous cheliped.Otherwise, they are very similar to conventional crayfish.
How to recognize a lobster?
To distinguish this from a lobster of a large cancer need to pay attention to its claws and legs.The fact that the true lobsters have fairly massive claws, which are located on the first pair of legs.On the second and third pair of legs of these animals also have claws, only a fraction of those that are on the first.In total, these creatures have five pairs of legs.
Appearance lobster
Omar - Marine cancer inhabiting the vast majority of our planet's water bodies.Its powerful claws - is an indispensable tool for obtaining food and protection from all kinds of sea enemies.At the head of the lobster are three pairs of jaws.The most potent is the so-called mandibles with which pulverized crustacean food.Other jaw was filtered.By the way, leaf lobster shells easily cracked his big claws.
in food these creatures consume all that is organic in nature, ie. E. Eat everything that comes in their claws.To do this, they spend hours wandering along the bottom of the sea.As with all cancers, the favorite food of the lobster are rotten remains of marine animals.They do not disdain small crustaceans, snails, clams and other invertebrates.
eyes of the largest marine cancer in the world are made up of many small and individual glazik called facets.Surprisingly, one eye may consist of lobster 3000 facets!Not only in their deep-water crayfish.The bristles are arranged on the head, replaced it senses.With the help of these lobsters touch, smell and determine the chemical composition of water.
General description lobster
Lobsters, like many marine animals, breathe with gills.They are located under their armor.These creatures prefer to exclusively cool and srednesolenye water temperature is above 20 degrees Celsius.Lobster is practically impossible to find in the seas around the shores of our country, as their natural habitat is limited to the Scandinavian peninsula from the Atlantic.
This marine cancer has a pronounced sexual dimorphism, ie. E. The males are always much larger than females.Abdominal these animals developed quite well: all appendages and segments distinguishable without difficulty.Chitin shell lobsters occasionally sheds.
body muscles of these animals is made up of specialized and well-developed muscles.Life expectancy of male lobsters ranges from 25 to 32 years, and lobster-females - up to 55 years.According to the Guinness Book of Records the biggest sea cancer lobster was caught in Canada (Nova Scotia).His weight was 20.15 kg.
Behavior lobsters at danger
Omar - Marine cancer that can cause injury to themselves for their own safety.For example, the capture of the extremities any enemy without hesitation lobsters shed their, t. E. Self-deprived of their own legs (sometimes up to six at a time).This allows them to move away from danger by hiding in the shelter.
Lost limbs are regenerated with time, t. E. Restored.However, the process of full recovery may take several years, but what to do - own life more.And Omar are well aware.
For what killed Omar?
Firstly, lobster, like other crustaceans, are links in the food chain.In other words, they are going to feed the many marine fishes, baleen whales (as the staple food) and birds.It is no secret, lobsters and other cancers, as well as shrimp, oysters, crabs - a delicacy favorite food of the people.It has even come to the point that is currently being built entire factories where crayfish are bred specifically for future consumption.
Secondly, lobsters quite sensitive to the chemical composition of water.Death threats for these animals is a constant water pollution by various industrial wastes, slags and other waste.
lobster cooking
As already noted, in cooking a large sea cancer is considered to be an exquisite delicacy.People eat its meat, which is famous for its tenderness.In the food consumed meat from the shell, as well as a host of the legs and lobster.Furthermore, people eating eggs and liver of these animals.The restaurants of shellfish cooked souffle, soups, salads, aspic, Crockett, mousses, etc. D.
Extermination
lobster crustacean population is steadily declining.From the middle of the XIX century the first attempts of breeding lobsters in artificial reservoirs.At the beginning of XXI century, this activity gained full momentum.However, people still can not find a commercially viable method of cultivation of marine crabs.
