unique cultural monument remained contemporaries from the residents of ancient Russia.Drafted in the 16th century, the book was only right guidance not only for those who are building a house.It took as a basis for creation of family matters and farming.What is "Domostroy" than it was for our ancestors and what its significance for historians?Try to understand.
Encyclopedia household ancient Russia
«Domostroy" - a set of rules and tips for every day.It combines the spiritual and the secular.No wonder this book is the first "Encyclopedia of the household" - that is "Domostroy."
Besides advice and recommendations were presented to the rules of the ritual ceremonies.Weddings, celebrations and daily pastime had to be consistent with this book.
Some foreigners mistakenly believe that the content of "patriarchal despotism" know all without exception, the people of Russia.
emergence of "patriarchal despotism»
In the 16th century increased the number of manuscripts.They were very valuable.Instead of beginning with the success of parchment paper is used, which is delivered to Russia from Europe.Therefore, the creation of "patriarchal despotism" could be either in manuscript or in print.Some researchers have reported the two versions of the ancient encyclopedia.One of them is very old style, strict, but correct and wise.And the second is crammed with stiff and strange orders.
appeared "Domostroy" (the year of establishment is not known for sure) in the first half of the 16th century in Veliky Novgorod.
forerunners were the Slavic collections from the teachings and recommendations, as "Chrysostom", "Izmaragd", "Golden Chain".
In "Domostroi" all previously published knowledge and standards were compiled.Exploring the "Instructions" Monomakh, one can find many similarities in the rules of moral conduct from different eras.
Who is the author?
opinions about the creators of the unique Encyclopedia diverge.Some researchers believe that the author of "patriarchal despotism" - a spiritual father of Ivan the Terrible - priest Sylvester.He created a book for the edification of the king.Others believe that Sylvester just rewrote "Domostroy" in the middle of the 16th century.
Summary
It should study the content of this book for the household to understand what it is and why it is obliged was honored by the church.If we take as a basis for the creation of Sylvester, it has an introduction, a message from a son to his father and about 70 (actually 67) chapters.They reunited in the main sections on the spiritual, worldly, family cooking.
Almost all the chapters have a close relationship with the Christian rules and commandments.After the "punishment of his father's son," the next chapter talks about how Christians correctly believe in the Holy Trinity and the Virgin Most Pure.It told how to worship the holy relics and sacred forces.
author of "patriarchal despotism" detail tells readers how to make bows, baptism, communion, communion bread to eat.What is forbidden to do in church.
great importance in the book is given to the worship of the king and every ruler that united the importance for the people of the church and the governor.
Manual father to son
I would like to get acquainted with the book "Domostroy", a summary of which is described above in more detail.
special place is the most important instruction of "patriarchal despotism" - father's commandment.Turning to his son, he first blessed him.Then he instructs his son, his wife and children to live according to Christian laws, with the truth and a clear conscience, believing and keeping the commandments of God.Father gives these lines to his son, and his household, and stresses: "If this scripture do not accept, you will be responsible for themselves on Judgment Day."
it invested majesty, wisdom and pride.Such instructions would be relevant at any time.After all, parents want her children good, they want to see honest, compassionate and decent people.Today's youth often hear similar phrases from their fathers and mothers.A "Domostroy", the year of creation of which fell on the period of special reverence of God, put everything in its place.It is the law which should be executed, period.He was not questioned.He was setting the whole family on their "steps" defines the relationship between them and, most importantly, united them.That's what "Domostroy."
reverence and obedience to the father and mother
Kids strictly prohibited swearing with his parents, insult them and condemn.Bee orders to be performed without question, without discussing his parents said.
must love all the children of father and mother, listen to them, to honor their old age and to obey them in all.Those who disobey, waiting for the curse and excommunication.And the children, giving father and mother obedience, not fear - they will live in goodness and without adversity.
head is filled with wisdom, respect for the individual.She recalled the continuity of the future and the past, that the veneration of parents - is the strength of the whole society.Unfortunately, this is not currently promoted as the truth and the norm.Parents have lost credibility for their children.
About needlework
In those times, honest work was esteemed very highly.Therefore, the rules of "patriarchal despotism" touched the fair and high-quality execution of any work.
, conviction indulged in by those who lie, running dishonest, stealing, does good for society.Before the start of every work needed to cross and ask the blessings of the Lord, to bow three times to the holy land.Every needlework (cooking, preparation of inventories, handicraft) ought to start with a clean mind and hands washed.
All done with pure thoughts and desires, will benefit people.How can you argue with that? ..
ban "Domostroi»
With the advent of the new government in 1917, this set of rules has been canceled, and even banned.Of course, this was due to the fact that the revolutionaries were opposed to religious propaganda and everything connected with it.Therefore, "Domostroy" could not be approved by the new government.The fight against autocracy and serfdom (supported by the church) forbade the mention of religion and orthodoxy.
in any literature, the authors of that time brought to the reader an idea of atheism.Of course, the book with the teachings of the veneration of priests and monks, their spiritual fathers, serving the king, and all sorts of rulers could not be allowed in any case.
Such a struggle against religion for many decades has not affected favorably on morality of modern society.
Educational value
Despite references in the book of words such as "Last Judgement", "demon", "cunning", all these commandments would now be a good guide for daily actions.Given the fact that today the inhabitants of Russia "law was not written", based on a set of common rules it does not seem possible.
manners are developed on the basis of moral norms that lay the parents, school and society.It does not always pay due attention to this.Not to mention that any rules adopted by all for daily use.The church no longer taken seriously enough people to check out all the divine commandments.
Now many works and reinvented take on a new meaning.Works that are rejected, condemned, recognized geniuses and talented."Domostroy" - is one of these unique creations bearing for the modern family, the younger generation and all the people a lot of valuable practical advice for every day.The main idea of the book - it is the education of children from the earliest days, the direction of the child's good works and manifestation of goodness in all his actions.Not that there is now so lacking in our society is full of lies, hypocrisy, envy, anger and aggression?
historical significance of
With the introduction of this book, we can now get information about the life and the lives of the people of that time."Domostroy" was written for a wide audience, for people of different social status.This guide is for the military, clerks, service and all the citizens who have a family, build their center.Regardless of whether the book reflects real life, or is a rule to create the perfect life, she has a great historical significance for the people now living in Russia.Researchers are studying at her leisure, cultural and intellectual life of the population of Russia in the 16th century.Although at the time such as the entertainment did not exist, as any entertainment Church condemned and prohibited.What is "Domostroy" for historians?This is important information about the private life, family values, religious rules, traditions and laws of everyday life in a Russian family of that time.
