One of the most beautiful times of the year, of course, is winter.Her look forward to both children and adults, because frosty snowy weather in winter is always uplifting.
classification of natural phenomena: examples
climatic anomalies are divided on the nature of the origin, effects, duration, scope and frequency.By themselves, the natural phenomena are any natural meteorological changes.
By origin they are geomorphology, biogeochemical, space and climate.The most common are the last (rain, typhoon and so on. D.).And the most beautiful of them - winter natural phenomena (examples: snow, frost).In Asia and the Americas in recent years, cases of geomorphological phenomena (tsunamis, volcanoes, earthquakes).
For the duration, weather anomalies are divided into instant, short-term and long-term.The former include a volcanic eruption and an earthquake, to the second - flood, rain, squall, and by the third - the drying up of the river, or climate change.With regard to regularity, by this criterion, natural phenomena can be seasonal or diurnal.
greatest danger to the lives of people are natural phenomena weather - a tornado, typhoon, lightning.These may include the phenomena of nature and winter (Examples: a snow squall and the anomalous cold).
there in the world and quite a few interesting phenomena.Among them are the lunar rainbow halo effect, star rain, the aurora and many others.
What characterizes the winter: Examples
This time of year is considered the most severe period in northern latitudes.It is worth noting that the closer to the equator winter comes in June and July.This is due to the tropical climate and the polarity of the planet.
One of the first signs of approaching winter frosts are minor and short daylight hours.Weather in the winter in the Northern Hemisphere, especially in Russia and Scandinavia, sometimes striking in its ruthlessness.For example, in Norway, the temperature can drop to -45 degrees in Siberia at all to -70 degrees.But how beautiful nature in winter (see photo. Below)!This is especially true of wild forests and high gor.Krome of approaching this time of year there are winter phenomena of nature such as the low clouds, no wind, frost.The most frequent climatic anomalies from mid-December are the snow, blizzard, snow drifts, black ice and others.
Winter events: frost
At this time of the year in the Nordic countries is very cold weather.In winter there is frost can reach a threshold of -60 degrees and below.In countries with temperate climates, weather conditions are more tolerant and soft (-20 ° C).
Claus is considered to be the temperature of the air, which falls below 0 degrees Celsius.This is called the freezing point of the liquid (water).
Claus as a natural phenomenon can be divided into categories:
- weak (-3 ° C);
- moderate (-12 ° C);
- significant (up to -22 ° C);
- bitter (to -43 ° C);
- deadline (up to -54 ° C);
- anomalous (below -55 ° C).
worth noting that the freezing weather when dry climates tolerated much easier than in the wet.
Winter phenomenon: snow
precipitation in cold weather comes in the form of crystallized water drops.During passage through the cold atmosphere moisture particles freeze engage and fall to the ground.This phenomenon is called snow.It is the most frequent of the probability of occurrence in the winter after frost.
worth noting that every snowflake is not more than 5 mm in diameter.However, in nature it has been repeatedly observed and exclusion (30 mm).As snowflakes form different from each other.In particular this applies to weave faces.Despite this, they all have perfect symmetry and clear contours.Each snowflake is a hexagon.This format is caused by the formation of the shape of the water molecule, which has 6 faces.That is why as a result of ice crystals, connecting and building up in the atmosphere, creating a perfect hexagon.Also, the shape of the snowflake affect humidity and air temperature.The higher the index of the first and second lower, the greater will and fancy circuit.
snowfall in the winter is very important.Sugrobny flooring holds heat well, not allowing the plants and insects die in the bitter cold.Also, the snow creates an adequate supply of water to the flora in the spring could just wake up.
Winter phenomenon: a blizzard
This natural phenomenon is the migration of snow from the surface by strong winds.Currently emit 3 types of snowstorms: grassroots, general and drifting snow.
Snowstorms (see photo. Below) raise the ice particles to a certain height from the ground, because of which significantly impairs visibility.If the cover layer in the vertical is about 2 meters, this storm is called grassroots.When it horizontal visibility is almost zero.On the other hand, the sky and clouds viewed well.The wind speed at the grassroots storm is about 10 m / s.Vo during a blizzard snow transport is carried out in the surface atmospheric layer.The movement of particles of frozen water takes up to kilometers.At the same time the horizontal visibility can be up to 2 meters.Identify the celestial bodies is not possible.Wind speed during a blizzard exceeds 12 m / s.
Drifting is a transfer of up to a meter of snow.At the same time there is great and the vertical and horizontal visibility.This phenomenon occurs most frequently in snow.Wind speed ranges from 4 to 6 m / s.
Winter phenomenon: ice
This natural anomaly directly associated with rainfall.You should not confuse it with sleet.These are two different concepts.
Black ice is a cover of frozen water (when snow melts or after rain).Appears only when a noticeable decrease in temperature.Formed even at 0 degrees.
Ice - is the formation of ice crust on the trees, the ground wire that is connected with the rainfall on the frozen surface.This phenomenon occurs most often during the dramatic warming in the upper atmosphere.Ice is one of the most dangerous meteorological phenomena on earth, as it is linked with serious injuries, and car accidents.However, such natural phenomena winter Children are welcome and are especially interesting because it can be enough to roll skating and sledding on the ice, both on the rink.
ice buildup occurs within hours.But its destruction is very slow.Most often, this process is delayed for a few days.
Winter phenomenon: freezing
This process occurs only in the waters.Its length varies depending on the landscape zone and temperature.Freezing is the formation of a frozen layer of water.Cover begins to form when the temperature in the river (lake) drops to zero degrees.It should be noted that it is formed in shallow water significantly faster.Optimum conditions for the emergence of ice layers are low temperature and lack of wind.The storm formed only cover the coast.
winter Such natural phenomena are very dangerous to humans.At any time, cover may crack, especially the probability of tragedy during an ice drift.This process occurs in the fast flowing rivers.Water begins to erode the ice and take away his pieces away from the shore.Gradually frozen debris built up due to the collision and form thick ridges.
Winter events: frost
often with negative air temperature on the windows formed strange patterns, as if painted with white paint.The structure of these formations is always a tree.In meteorology, often called dendrites.
Frosty patterns appear on the glass in the form of frozen water molecules when outside temperature drops below 2 degrees.This kind of layer of loose, opaque ice.It should be noted that the formation of patterns play a major role microcracks and scratches on the glass.Dendritic crystallization always starts at the bottom, because water molecules are the force of gravity.Scientists have proved that when the relative humidity and sharp temperature drop from plus to minus similar patterns can cover one square meter of glass in just a couple of hours.
Winter phenomenon: the snowdrifts and icicles
significant precipitation in freezing temperatures always entails large snowpack.In most cases, the snowdrifts are formed as a result of prolonged blizzard.There are applied to the any obstacles - whether it's a wall, a fence or a small stump.Snowdrifts resemble a sand dune, but are much looser and more luxuriant.Formed in the lee of obstacles.
Icicle is a piece of ice that hangs from an object (roof, branches, wires).Usually it has a conical shape.Formed during snowmelt or runoff water.Freeze drops quickly under the influence of low temperature, forming the final shape of icicles.
winter Such natural phenomena are extremely dangerous for people with the onset of the positive temperature.Also icicles can fall down by gravity.In addition, because of the thick ice formations often are broken wires and broken tree branches.
Rare winter natural phenomena
One of the most amazing climate anomalies associated with this time of year, it is considered a snow storm.Such a phenomenon occurs once every 10 years.Snow storms are due to the sharp increase in day temperature.Fast moving deep cyclones fetches electrified humid air, which falls on the cold ground with large masses of thunder and lightning.
Another rare snow is considered a rainbow.This anomaly makes once again wonder what is unpredictable and wonderful nature in winter (see photo. Below).Rainbow arises from the refraction of the sun on the ice crystals that hang in the air.This requires four conditions: high humidity, severe frost, bright sun, no wind.
very rare but extremely dangerous phenomenon is considered a winter snow flurry.Although in recent years climate change on the planet, this anomaly has become increasingly common.Under a barrage of mean strong snow storm with wind speeds of over 60 km / h.This storm is always marked by the loss of life and serious damage.
