Anyone who lives in a world of sounds.He hears the babbling brook, the rustling of tires howling wind, birds singing, dogs barking, the gurgling of water in the kettle, skvorchanie meat in a frying pan, singing, speech and much more.The man is so accustomed to these stimuli, which often goes crazy, being in absolute silence.
first thing start to language learning in school - it phonetics, that is, the science of speech sounds.Typically, this branch of linguistics students do not like, but in fact it can be very interesting!By studying the vowels and consonants of the Russian language, the students learn that 33 letters of the alphabet sound for 42: 6 vowels and exactly 6 times more consonants.There are letters, which correspond to two sounds, and there are those who do not represent any sound.
This preponderance of consonants is observed in the majority of the world's languages.Philologists known and such unique languages, such as the now-dead Ubykh, which is still in the 90s of the last century said last representatives of small peoples living on the Black Sea Coast in Sochi.Ubykh is famous for the fact that the two vowels (long and short [a]), it accounted for 84 consonants!In a related to him Abkhazian 3 vowels about 60 consonants.Such languages are called consonant.
In those languages, which are called vocalic (French, Finnish), the number of vowels rarely exceeds the number of consonants.Although there are exceptions.The Danish 20 consonants account for 26 vowels.
absolutely in all languages of the planet there is a vowel [a].It is the most popular, however, it is not necessarily the most frequency vowel.For example, English is used more often than other sound [e].
Interestingly, the vowel sounds of the Russian language are formed "on the exhale."The only exception is the interjection "A-ah," which expresses the fear, which is pronounced on inspiration.As there is a vowel?The air from the lungs enters the windpipe and meets an obstacle in the way of the vocal cords.They range from a jet of exhaled air and create sound (voice).The air then flows into the oral cavity.
When we pronounce vowels, lips, teeth, tongue does not interfere with the air flow, so the extra noise is generated.Thus, the vowel is a single tone (voice) - so named because.The louder you need to speak the vowel, the greater is necessary to disclose the mouth.
Differences vowels from each other due to the fact, which we attach to the form of the oral cavity.If the lips are round, will get the sound [y] or [o].Language does not prevent exhaled air is so much to create a buzz, but its location in the oral cavity changes slightly when pronouncing the different vowels.Language can be a little lifted up or lowered down, and move back and forth.These small movements lead to the formation of different vowels.
But that's not all.A characteristic feature of the Russian language is a difference in the pronunciation of stressed and unstressed vowels.The striking position we really hear [a] [a] [y] [s] [and] [e] - the so-called strong position.In the unstressed position (in a weak position) sounds behave differently.
vowel [a], [a], [e] after hard consonants represent something like [a], but greatly weakened.Students have traditionally determined the sound as [a], but philologists have a separate icon [].After a soft consonant sounds the same aspire to be like, [and] (linguists call this sound "with overtones e" - [IE]).Such phenomena are observed in pretonic syllables (except for the absolute beginning of the word).
It is this feature of the "great and mighty" makes it difficult not only for foreigners but also for native speakers.Spelling unstressed vowels have to check or remember.
