Despite the dislike of humanity to the spiders, as well as an abundance of prejudices and the horror stories associated with them, the question is, as a spider spins a web, appears in babies almost at the same time wondering why the grass is green and water is wet.The result of this work is really unattractive animals often resembles an elegant lace.And if the spider itself is unpleasant to look at, and even many of them are afraid of the web, they have created, unwittingly attracts the attention and arouse admiration.
Meanwhile, not everyone knows that such a "curtain" is woven not all members of the order.Almost every kind of able to create a thread for the basics, but catching weave networks, only those who are hunting traps.They are called tenetnymi.They even highlighted in a separate superfamily «Araneoidea».And the names of spiders spinning hunting network has as many as 2308 points, among which there are poisonous - the same black widow and the Black Widow.Those who hunt, attacking from ambush or stalking prey cobweb used solely for domestic purposes.
unique qualities of spider "textiles»
Despite the small size of the founders, especially web causes some jealousy on the part of the crown of nature - man.Some of its options are incredible, even with the achievements of modern science.
- strength.The web may break from its own weight, only if the spider vypletet its length of 50 meters.
- exceptional subtlety.Private spider is noticeable only when enters the beam of light.
- elasticity and firmness.Thread stretched without breaking by 2-4 times, without losing strength.
All these qualities are achieved without any technical equipment - Spider costs with what nature has provided him.
Types webs
interesting not only as a spider spins a web, but what it manages to produce its different "grades".Roughly speaking, they can be divided into three types:
- Strong - made only tenetnikami and form the basis of hunting nets.
- sticky.Of these, all made jumpers in the same network, and stick at the slightest touch, and so that is very difficult to remove them.
- Household.Of these spiders create cocoons and "door" for the mink.And they are still there are several kinds, as produced varying degrees of softness and fluffiness.
scientists selected and another kind of web which otzerkalivaet ultraviolet podmanivaya butterflies.Many believe that the finished web is definitely a pattern.However, it is not so: the name of the spiders capable of creative delights can be counted easily and all these artists are araneomorfnym representatives of this group of arthropods.
What is it for
If you ask the man a question, why the spider web, he no doubt will say hunting.But this does not exhaust its function.In addition, it is used in the following areas:
- for warming before hibernation burrows;
- to create a cocoon in which the offspring matures;
- for protection from the rain - from spiders make it a kind of sheds to prevent water from entering the "house";
- travel.Some spiders are moving themselves and seen off from the bosom of families of children with long gossamer carried away by the wind.
Education building material
So, we shall understand all the same, like a spider spins a web.On the abdomen at the "weaver" are six glands that are considered to be transformed rudiments feet.Inside calf produced special secret, which is called liquid silk.The output through the spinning duct it begins to harden.One such thread is so thin that it is difficult to see even with a microscope.Paws, located close to the "work" is currently glands spider wring some threads in a spider web - something like this, as it did in the old days when women spinning tow.It was at that moment, like a spider spins a web, the main characteristic of the future laid webs - tack or high fortress.And what is the mechanism of choice, scientists have not yet figured out.
technology stretching
Lovcen network for its effectiveness should be between something stretched - for example, between the branches.When the first thread created by the creator long enough, it will stop spinning and spinning rastopyrivat authorities.So he catches the breeze.The slightest stirring of the wind (even from the hot land) refers to the cobweb neighboring "support" for which she clings.Spider "bridge" moves (often provisnuv back down) and begins to weave a new radial threads.Only when the substrate is mounted, it begins to move circumferentially weaving it sticky transverse lines.I must say, spiders - very economical creation.It is unnecessary or damaged old cobwebs they eat, blowing "recycled" to the second round use.And it gets old, according to the creator, rather quickly, as a spider spins a web of often each day (or night if he - Shadowhunter).
The spiders eat
fundamentally important issue, as the spider weaves a web of still primarily for the production of food.Note that all of the types of spiders - predators.However, their diet is highly dependent on the size, hunting methods and place of residence.All tenetnye (braiding network) spiders are insectivorous, and the basis of their diet - mainly flying form.Although if a spider web crawling fall from the tree figure, the owner they will not disdain.Those who live in burrows, and closer to the ground, eat mostly Orthoptera and beetles, but can drag to your shelter small snail or worm.Among the variety of what eating spiders, there are larger objects.For the representative of the water tribe called Argyroneta victims are crustaceans, aquatic insects and fish fry.Exotic giant tarantulas prey on frogs, birds, small lizards and mice, although a large part of their diet are all of the same insect.But there are more fastidious species.Special family Mimetidae hunt only spiders, do not belong to their mind.A huge tarantula Grammostola eat young snakes - and a stop to them to capture the imagination of the amount.Five families of spiders (in particular, Ancylometes) fish, and are able to dive, swim, hunt down prey and even to pull her to shore.
