We all know in general terms that the sovereignty of the state - is the ability of its government to make important decisions independently of external sources, guided only by considerations of public benefit.However, let us consider in detail the history and nature of this phenomenon.
essence of the concept
sovereignty of the state - is the brainchild of European political thought in modern times.Finally, it took shape in the middle of XVII century Westphalian system of international relations that emerged after the Thirty Years' War in Europe.Then the concept of state sovereignty has come to mean the possibility of national governments (then Royal) act independently from the Catholic Church.After all, throughout the Middle Ages the church was almost overwhelming influence in Western and Central Europe.The Kings were forced to sanctify their power and to coordinate their actions with the Pope, often adjusting to his interests.Enlightenment and humanism spawned not only more attentive to man (and as a consequence of the fall of the role of the church), but also a fundamentally new political and legal freedom of States.The latter allows national governments to make their own action in foreign and domestic policy in accordance with its own interests exclusively.This phenomenon together with the fact shown in various forms.For example, the absolute sovereignty of the state can be external and internal.External freedom presupposes the independence of the actions of an international character: a declaration of war, conclusion of contracts, entry into blocks and so on.Accordingly, the internal independence - the ability of the government to act freely within their own country, in its economic, social, ideological, political and so on.Interestingly, the sovereignty of the state - it is only a variant of sovereignty.After all, the latter can apply not only to public education but also to society itself, in fact.
State sovereignty - is national sovereignty
In the modern understanding of international human rights law clearly distinguishes between the national and popular sovereignty.The idea was first born all the same educators of modern times, although the final shape has gained only at the end of the XIX century.Actually, at the same time, when they were finally formed European nations.The mass national movement for independence of the peoples, who did not have the state (in the XIX century - the Hungarians, Czechs, Poles, in the first half of XX century - the Ukrainians, the Basques, the Irish, Kurds, etc.) have led prominent socio-political ideology to believe thatevery nation has the right to self-determination.That is, the creation of their own state.It is through this education can be expressed in its highest aspirations related to historical memory, through political, national development and so on.
Popular sovereignty
Another kind of sovereignty in the modern international law is the people's.He was born even earlier national.The essence of this phenomenon is thought that the source and the highest carrier power in a particular state is the people (although in the past it was considered an unconditional right monarch, sent from above), and any internal and external policies must be implemented with the consent and solely in its interests.
