majority of the population of the world is dreaming of travel, adventure, rich life experience.To dream come true, strange as it seems, you have a certain "training".Not only to have a passport or tickets in your pocket - there are lots of other options that should be considered.One of them may be called inculturation.
What is the essence?
Speaking in general terms, the inculturation - a learning process of a human cultural norms of behavior and the perception of a particular country or nation.
In fact, it is one of the main activities required not only for travel, but also for personal development.For example, some of the gestures and words in the cultures of different ethnic groups may vary to a large extent the value.Without the necessary knowledge can unintentionally offend interlocutor lose his trust forever.The process of inculturation in this case acts as a kind of fuse from the awkward situations that could easily encounter people during a stay abroad, or even in their own country.
narrowing values
in the previous paragraph described the process of inculturation in the most generalized form.To join this kind of training, the person is not required to collect the bags and buy tickets to Asia.Inculturation - it is rather a process of understanding one's own culture.In this case, it refers to the particular rules of behavior and outlook in his native country.This kind of personality formation within a particular society, taking into account their acquired experience, traditions and cultural trends.
subject-object relationship
It should be noted that the process of inculturation - a phenomenon bilateral.It combines multi-directional vectors.Personality as a representative of a particular society has a certain influence on the culture.At the same time, the process of growing up and becoming a man is society and its cultural norms are a determining factor in the formation of the personality.
Constituent training
Specifically, the process of inculturation involves a number of factors needed to determine the individual as a representative of a particular society, certain nationalities.First of all, some universal, basic skills, common to all vehicles of a particular culture.These include behaviors, reactions to those or other verbal or nonverbal acts, realization of certain values, ways of behavior in specific situations.
By and large, the concept of inculturation in respect of understanding the features of attitude in other countries includes approximately the same number of factors, with the only difference being that in the territory of their own country's process is more natural.
In fact, a person who is within their own country, there is simply no choice in the matter acculturation.Since childhood, he confronted her, it absorbs and accumulates life.
With comprehension culture of other countries, things are certainly more complex: it requires much more time, physical, emotional and mental costs, as its own outlook is not only padded, but also completely modified.
The meaning
For a complete understanding of the term should be to bring small results of all the above.Inculturation - the acquisition of the complex knowledge and skills related to the process of life-support within a particular culture.In this case, we have in mind not only the professional activity, and domestic work, the preparation and use of various services and goods.One of the most important moments in the process of inculturation can be called the personal development of man, his world view, attitude, formation of favorite activities, preferences in the arts, leisure activities or methods, for example, views on religion.
course, inculturation - it is also the skills to communicate with the surrounding society, interaction with him.In this case, it refers to any form of communication the individual and the surrounding world.
Finally, it is the formation of a certain base of knowledge and standards regarding the treatment of their own body, appearance or clothing.Consider, for example, those tribes, which made women put on a neck ring.Within a particular society such actions will be regarded as absolutely normal, while in other parts of the world it would be considered a kind of violent measure and will cause condemnation.
Socialization and inculturation
At first glance, the meaning of these two terms may seem, if not identical, then at least very similar.In reality, they differ quite substantially.Socialization and inculturation - a sort of complementary processes, which basically have the same basic purpose, but are on different scenarios.There is quite a big difference in the volume of data and concepts.
difference is especially noticeable in the case inculturation - a process of learning his or someone else's culture.Socialization in this case will act as a so-called learning standards of conduct of the country.Culturalization, inculturation - it's introduction to the tradition, outlook, characteristics of thinking representatives of a foreign culture, awareness and acceptance of their values.
process of socialization always passes quickly and it is quite natural.It does not require any additional effort, and may be based on a simple observation.All that is required from the person - the ability to ignore certain behaviors and repeat them in practice.
inculturation in cultural studies provides significant time-consuming, and often requires additional effort required for independent study of this or that particular culture.
Socialization and inculturation of the person, as already mentioned, are parallel, but lead to different results.
basic mechanisms of inculturation
As in the case of socialization, the main mode of assimilation of cultural traditions is an imitation, repetition of the native culture.A striking example of such actions could be called behavior far from the etiquette of people during a banquet.In order not to seem cultureless, they just do the same thing as the other, more knowledgeable people on this issue.
Mechanisms of inculturation, in essence, quite simple: observation and repetition.And this applies not only to basic concepts such as norms of behavior in society, but also the more fundamental phenomena: the inheritance of holiday traditions, remembering welcome or popular expression, access to folklore material.
person only obstacle on the way to full inculturation could be his indecision and fear of making a mistake, as it leads to isolation and unwillingness to even try to join one or another culture.
Socialization and inculturation and require the use of another method - a direct dialogue with the carrier of culture.In this case, it is that a person with sufficient knowledge, becomes a mentor who wants to join a particular culture.Note that this does not have to be a specific person who will implement the necessary knowledge in the learner's head.In this case, it is principled dialogue process, rastolkovaniya certain rules.Doing this can be family members, sightseeing guides or ordinary passers-by.
If we talk about the fundamental differences between inculturation and socialization, it should be noted the difference in the results.Socialization - the process of formation and development in a society in which a person becomes a person.Inculturation - a process of fusion with the culture of the society, and as a result - the formation of an educated person.
Types inculturation
Before we talk about specific stages in the process of inculturation should make certain amendments: comprehension and may be subject to native culture.In this case, the process will develop in the same scenario - let's call it the inner inculturation.A similar, but not identical process - the comprehension of the cultural traditions of other countries - the so-called external inculturation.
Features of
Internal inculturation is divided into two stages: primary and secondary.This process begins almost from birth.Since childhood, parents, family members, caregivers, teachers instill in children a certain code of conduct, awareness events, attitude towards life and so on.Thus, from the very childhood, a person takes the path of understanding the culture of the people.
second stage - adult awareness.It requires the application of certain efforts - people no longer absorb like a sponge the knowledge and feelings, he comes to them, opens them for yourself.You could say it's kind of improvement, expansion of the scope.Thus we can say that the concept of inculturation includes just two similar but not identical plan.
maximum accuracy
For a complete specification of the value of the concept note that inculturation in cultural studies - is the process of understanding the culture of his people.Joining the other cultures in science is called acculturation.However, many researchers do not make such a striking difference and use another term, while specifying its value.
results inculturation
Naturally, constant apprehension of a person of certain rules leads to certain results.First of all, it belongs to a specific culture largely forms the personality.In addition, this process has no beginning or end, so the process of inculturation of parents to ensure a similar process in children that facilitates the transmission of historical memory, cultural norms and factors of formation of a particular nationality.It's an endless process of preserving and improving the country's culture and people.
This process of inculturation allows a person to get something that will separate him from the rest of the world, make it special.That is why Chinese culture is so dissimilar to the US, so the date of the celebration of Christmas vary from Catholics and Orthodox, and Muslims in general are not available.
inculturation - it is an endless accumulation of experience of a whole people through the prism of only one individual, incorporates the most important, the most fundamental features of their own culture.This constant accumulation, transfer and addition of knowledge and ideas about life, the world, God, the surrounding society, history, literature and other realities.
can say that the inculturation - a process of formation in the human person, identified as part of the nation.
