If you choose the tallest tree in the world, the palm will surely get sequoia.It belongs to the conifers, sometimes also called "mahogany" color saturation barrel.Height evergreen sequoia always interested naturalists, because these trees in the world quite a lot, and found the same-thing was a matter of honor for researchers.
Tree-Indian?
Although this tree grows on our planet for a long time, its name, which we use today, it has received only at the beginning of the 19th century.It is believed that the etymology of the word comes from Sequoyah or Sequoia.That was the name of an Indian chief of the Cherokee Nation, who invented a syllabary for this nation.
Whatever it was, today it is a giant tree-all who saw it live, thrill and excitement, and the height of evergreen sequoia even listed in the Guinness Book of Records.
along the Pacific coast in the states of California and Washington, as well as in the south of the Canadian province of British state most often encountered sequoia, where she grows many, many years.The researchers found the remains of the tree in ancient rocks that formed in the Jurassic period.And this is neither more nor less - 208 million years BC.It is believed that this tree come down to us intact, exactly, it was millions of years ago.Therefore, it is considered to be a relict species.
to our times, unfortunately, came only two types - a redwood and evergreen giant sequoia.The people they are also called red tree and Mamontov.And before that, as we are assured the researchers, there were many more species, and they grew around the globe.
thick and soft crust
course, altitude evergreen sequoia of great interest.But no less curious to learn more about some features of this giant.The bark of this tree is very thick, up to 30 centimeters.But despite this, it is quite soft, has a fibrous structure, and it is relatively easy to separate from the trunk.However, rested for a while in the air, the bark becomes brownish tint.It is because this is called redwood mahogany.While the crust is soft, the barrel itself is very durable and dense.
What sequoia tree visually?This is a huge trunk, dense crown conical shape, and the branches are growing or completely horizontally or dropped down a bit, as the legs of spruce.Beautiful dark green leaves reach a length of 15-25 centimeters.As
breeds?
Sequoia evergreen, pine cone which reaches 15-22 cm in length, provides fertile fruit every year.In late winter pollinated seeds, and then about 9 months they mature.Each fruit is 3-7 seeds about the size of 3-4 millimeters.When the bump dries, the scales begin to open, and the seeds fall to the ground.If it fall into a favorable environment, one can bring forth new trees.However, the chance for a new life is very insignificant.The fact is that the krone big tree so tightly closes a sun rays young shoots often die from a lack of good lighting.
So while fruit from this tree every year pretty much, most of them die, and does not give offspring.Natural selection.
Excellent wood
sequoia in America (where the bulk of the growing tree giant) very successfully used for industrial purposes.After all, its wood is not enough that almost does not rot, it still possesses and excellent fire properties.It does not get turned bugs and parasites, it has a very elegant appearance after treatment.Therefore sequoia became massively used for human needs, which, of course, led to a significant reduction in habitat.Today the tree is under the protection of man, it is forbidden massive deforestation and the use of wood in the production.
112,83 meters
What sequoia tree in the world is the highest?This question did not give peace of mind for a long time scientists, and after years of measurements and research have finally found the biggest giant.It turned Stratospheric Giant, which is now growing in the national park Humboldt-Redvuds.This tall sequoia vymahala exactly 112 meters 83 centimeters.However, the last time it was measured over a decade ago, in 2004.So certainly it has had time to grow.
Before that limit the height evergreen sequoia was a tree called Giant Dayervil, which also grew in the Humboldt-Redvudse.In 1991, the year after it fell to bad weather, and when measuring the distance from the bottom to the top, it was such a figure: 113 meters 40 centimeters.Age Giant Dayervilya identified in 1,600 years.
But they say that in the modern history of the tree was even higher!And they cut him in 1812.Its altitude record - 115 meters 80 centimeters.Biologists believe that the maximum growth redwoods can not exceed the 130-meter, because the forces of gravity will not allow juices to climb higher.However, while such an extent that the trees no one found.
How many giants of the planet Earth?
Yet every traveler who has been in the shadow of this tree, fascinates with its uniqueness and some ancient redwood evergreen static (height).Photo on the background of these giants are so fond of doing all travelers.Particularly popular images of tourists when they are trying to embrace a whole group of relict tree trunk, but sometimes do not have enough hands.Yes, such a huge growth requires a solid foundation.The trunk diameter of some trees several meters.The biggest sequoia 7 meters in diameter at the base.
This true giant on the planet.Today in the world there are about 15 trees, which reach heights of over 110 meters.Also, scientists have counted 47 sequoias that stretched more than 105 meters.
whether sequoia growing in Russia?
Basically this giant tree found in America on the Pacific coast.Sometimes they grow near the coast, but most are located within 30-750 meters above sea level.This tree likes a good moisture, so dry ground it is doomed to destruction.Some seeds have successfully climbed even higher, given their shoots and trees are well taken root there.Anyway, there are redwoods, which grow well at an altitude of 920 meters above sea level.
This unique giant is very beautiful and fascinates with its size.Therefore, many of the national nature reserves in Europe successfully planted this tree, which with proper care reach a relatively large size and in the middle lane.
sequoia in Russia can be found in the Crimea and the Caucasus.The warm climate of these areas allows you to grow relict trees to a very decent size.Of course, these redwoods are relatively young, they are no more than 200-250 years.But there is a chance that if you do not change the climate, they grow many more centuries and to the joy of others.
