unknown To the great Siberian river Yenisei?The question is rhetorical.All over the world it is known as the length of the waterway officially ranked 5th in the world among all the rivers.
the middle of Siberia
Three mighty rivers flow in Siberia: the Ob, Yenisei and Lena.But it Yenisei Siberia divides into two equal parts: West and East.His swift powerful stream it crosses all this land, passing through the mountains and plains, steppes and forests.
it would be wrong to make a plan describing the Yenisei River, previously even without mentioning it such an important location in the middle of Siberia.
Western Siberia extends its open spaces on the left side of the Yenisei River.West Siberian Lowland covers an area of about 2.6 million square feet.km and stretches to the Ural Mountains.It is rich in oil and gas pool of the Russian Federation.
«Mistress" that half of Siberia - the Ob, the largest river in Russia in length and basin area.
Right bank of the Yenisei begin the endless expanses of Eastern Siberia and the ridges extend to the Far East.It is dominated by plateaus and hills, and in large parts - the permafrost.
largest river in Eastern Siberia - Lena.High in the mountains, not far from Lake Baikal, it is born.At the confluence of the sea Lena forms the huge delta in Russia, which consists of more than a thousand islands.
Ionessi, or Great River
plan describing the Yenisei River must include the origin of its name.
In ancient times the locals called it differently.And as the peoples living along its banks is very different, and there were several names.For example, in Tuvan name Yenisei gave Ulug-Khem, which means "great river."
Evenki Ionessi called it - which means "big water".There were names Ene-Say, Kim, Hook and others.
However, Russian merchants began to sell it to the Evenki.Therefore, the river, they became known as the Even the name, only slightly altered in its own way.And it became Ionessi Yenisei.Under this name it is known today throughout the world.
controversial truth
Where to begin and where the river flows into the Yenisei?It turns out that on this occasion there are disputes.However, only those relating to its start.
Yenisei In the world ranking ranks fifth on the length of the waterway (5539 km), passing before him only the Amazon, Nile, Yangtze and Mississippi.
waterway begins in the Yenisei river Ider Khangai Mountains (452 km) in Mongolia.Then continue along the rivers Muren and Delger-Selenga (1024 km).Last flows into Lake Baikal, which implies majestic Angara.The length of it is 1,779 kilometers.Above Eniseyska Angara flows finally into the Yenisei.And where the river flows into the Yenisei?It flows into the Kara Sea, and then in the Arctic Ocean.
If we talk purely about the length of the Yenisei River, then as a starting point it is necessary to take the lake Kara-Balyk, located in the Eastern Sayan Mountains.It originates from a river Bii-Khem (Big Yenisei in translation).Merging with the Small Yenisei (Kaa-Khem) near the town of Kyzyl, it forms a full-flowing Yenisei.The length from the source to the Kara Sea is 4123 km.
pool Yenisei
In the pool area, this Siberian river is also one of the biggest in the world.However, in this case it is the seventh and not fifth.In addition, more and skips ahead of him one more full-flowing Siberian Ob River basin area which is 2 990 000 square meters.km.
Yenisei basin is asymmetric.On the right side are his abounding major tributaries such as the Angara, Lower Tunguska and the Stony.Angara alone takes up almost half of the Yenisei basin (1,039,000 sq. Km of 2.58 million sq. Km).So sometimes there are disputes over what flows where: Angara Yenisei Yenisei or the Angara.However, the Lower Tunguska can sometimes overlap Angara of annual runoff.All in all, the Yenisei falls almost 500 rivers.Among the left bank can be identified Kahn, Abakan, Khemchik, Tuba and others.
comparison is still possible examples: the Volga basin half of the Yenisei River basin and lower basin of the Dnieper it five times.
Three of the Yenisei
There is a conventional division of the river into three parts.This is the lower, middle and upper Yenisei.
Upper begins near the town of Kyzyl, the confluence of the Big and Small Yenisei.It flows to the Krasnoyarsk reservoir over 600 kilometers of mainly mountainous terrain.The largest tributaries of the Upper Yenisei - Khemchik, Tuba and Abakan.
Middle Yenisei referred to the part that connects the Krasnoyarsk reservoir and the confluence of the Angara (about 750 km).Incidentally, the width of the Yenisei River all the way to the mouth of the Angara does not exceed 500-700 meters.After the Krasnoyarsk storage area, through which flows the Yenisei loses mountainous character.
Lower Yenisei River is the longest and widest.Its length is 1820 km and a width ranging from 2.5 to 5 km.The two banks of the river are significantly different.Right - mountainous, left - flat, lowland.Lower Yenisei comes to the village of Ust-Port.However, it is too early to talk about in a sea River flows into the Yenisei.
From the mouth of the delta
Widest Yenisei River in the delta, where it is divided into a plurality of channels and several branches between which lie Brekhovskie island.By the way, the sleeve even have their own names: Small, Large, Sea of Okhotsk and Stone Yenisei.Total width of the river bed in these areas up to 75 kilometers.
For island Nasonovskogo Yenisei sharply narrowed, begins the so-called "throat" wide and 5 km away, and Cape Sopochnaya Karga it is bottled in the Yenisei Gulf, in some places the width of which can reach up to 150 km.Here it is pertinent to ask: what in the Yenisei River flows into the sea?Because the Yenisei Bay - this is the Gulf of the Kara Sea.It is located between the Gyda Peninsula and the mainland of Eurasia.Its depth varies from 6 to 20 meters.In the Yenisei Gulf sailing ships and get to the Yenisei, and then - to the port of Dudinka and Igarka.This Siberian river is navigable almost 1,000 kilometers.
along the Yenisei
If we talk about the cities, the first should be called the city of Kyzyl.After all, it is at the confluence of the Big and Small Yenisei, which begins Upper Yenisei.Kyzyl is the capital of the Republic of Tuva, which is home to about 114 thousand people.City equated to the Far North.Here the obelisk "Center of Asia" because this place really is the geographical center of Asia.
Further along the route to the sea, where the river flows into the Yenisei, go Shagonar city (Republic of Tuva), Sayanogorsk (Khakassia, near the power plant), Minusinsk.Last it is already in the Krasnoyarsk Territory is one of the oldest cities in Eastern Siberia.The population reaches almost 70 thousand people.
Abakan City - the capital of the Republic of Khakassia - is located at the mouth of the river Abakan.It is home to over 173 thousand people.
On the way to Krasnoyarsk is another small town - Divnogorsk.Here begins the construction of the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station.
The largest city on the Yenisey Krasnoyarsk
Russia divides into two almost equal parts, and is located in the basin of the Yenisei.It is the second area of the Russian Federation.It was the administrative center of the city of Krasnoyarsk, located on both banks of the Yenisei River, the Upper Yenisei.So up to the Arctic Ocean, where the river flows into the Yenisei from Krasnoyarsk very far.
This city-one million, is home to just over 1 million inhabitants.It is clear that it is not only administrative, but also cultural, industrial, sporting, educational center in Eastern and Central Siberia.In the city a lot of attractions that are interesting to see tourists.
port city
City Eniseisk large can not be called.It is home to only about 20 thousand people.However, he was located near the place where the Angara flows into the Yenisei, or as some like to argue, where the Yenisei flows into the Angara.Because at the confluence of the Angara just wider than the Yenisei.Its clear waters rapidly rush into the Yenisei flow and has continued for the joint.It significantly expands the Yenisei.City Eniseisk located on the left bank of it, below the confluence of the Angara.This is a very old city, founded in 1619 and over time has become the center of the fur trade.Fair held there were famous throughout Russia.
can not say more about the two cities located on the Yenisei River.They play the role of seaports.It Dudinka and Igarka.The first is located on the right bank of the Yenisei, in its lower reaches.It also falls into the Yenisei his right tributary of Dudinka.Hence the name of the city and went.Resident in the more than 22 thousand people.But Igarka - just malochislenny port.The number of its inhabitants is only 5.3 thousand people.After all, the city is located above the Arctic Circle in the permafrost zone.
Without a doubt, a story on the theme: "The River Yenisei attractions tributaries ..." is endless.For really have to say that ...
