Yugoslavia has long been a significant and important country on the world stage: the development of economy and industry, in particular the production of weapons, vehicles and chemical products;a huge army, the amount of which exceeds 600 thousand soldiers ... But internal strife and conflicts that plagued the country in the 90s of the last century reached its peak and led to the fact that Yugoslavia broke up.In some states it is divided, know today, all students who study history.This is Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro, Slovenia, Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo - partly recognized power.At the root of
Once in the Balkans, Yugoslavia was the largest state.The peoples living on these lands had very different customs and traditions, culture and even religion.But, despite this, they all lived in one country: Catholics and Orthodox Christians, those who have written in Latin letters, and those who - in Cyrillic.
Yugoslavia has always been a tasty morsel for many conquerors.For example, Hungary in the XII century, invaded Croatia.Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina moved to the Ottoman Empire, many inhabitants of these lands were forced to convert to Islam.Only Montenegro has long been a free and independent.Over time, the Turkish power has lost its influence and power, therefore, Austria took over the Yugoslav territories formerly belonged to the Ottomans.Only in the XIX century, Serbia was able to be reborn as an independent state.
This country together all disparate Balkan lands.Ruler of Croats, Slovenes and other Yugoslav peoples became King of Serbia.One of the monarchs, Alexander I, who in 1929 organized a coup and gave Power a new name - Yugoslavia, which translates as "the land of the South Slavs".
Federal Republic
History of Yugoslavia in the XX century took shape against the backdrop of world wars.During World War II there has been created a powerful anti-fascist movement.The Communists organized guerrilla underground.But after the victory over Hitler Yugoslavia and it became part of the Soviet Union, as expected.She remained free, but a socialist country, where there was only one ruling party - Communist.
In early 1946, then adopted a constitution, which marked the creation of a new Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia.It comprises six independent units.Serbia, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as two autonomous region - Kosovo and Vojvodina - formed a new power.In any country of Yugoslavia broke up in the future?It is these small and distinctive republics, including Serbia has always been a leader.Its inhabitants were the largest ethnic group: almost 40% of the whole of Yugoslavia.Logically, the other members of the federation is a little like, and power began in conflicts and strife.
beginning of the end
tensions between members of different ethnic groups - the main reason that Yugoslavia disintegrated.Which states have sent their dissatisfaction and aggression leaders of the uprising?First of all, in the north-western Croatia and Slovenia, which flourished, as if teasing their high standard of living to poorer nations.Anger and tension grew among the masses.Yugoslavia ceased to regard themselves as one people, despite the fact that lived close to as much as 60 years.
In 1980, the head of the dead communist Marshal Tito.After that, the chairman of the Presidium elected every year in May from among the candidates submitted by each republic.Despite this equality, men still remained unsatisfied and unhappy.Since 1988, dramatically worsened the living standards of all citizens of Yugoslavia, began the decline in production, instead flourished inflation and unemployment.Senior officials of the country, led by Mikulic resigned, Slovenia wanted full sovereignty, nationalist sentiment torn Kosovo apart.These events were the beginning of the end and led to the fact that Yugoslavia disintegrated.In some states it is divided, shows the current world map, which clearly highlighted such independent countries like Slovenia, Macedonia, Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Slobodan Milosevic
This active leader came to power in 1988, at the peak of civil strife.His policy, he is primarily directed to return under the wing of the Federal Republic of Kosovo and Vojvodina.And while ethnic Serbs in these lands was very little, many residents supported him.Milosevic's actions only exacerbated the situation.He wanted to create a powerful Serbian power or simply took advantage of internal conflicts to take the government seat warm, so no one knows.But as a result of Yugoslavia broke up.In some states, it has been divided, now known even to children.History Balkan textbooks allotted more than one paragraph.
In 1989, the economy and politics in the FPRY experienced rapid decline.Ante Markovic, the new prime minister, tried to hold a series of reforms, but it was too late.Inflation reached 1000%, the country's debt to other countries rose to 21 billion dollars.Against this background, Serbia adopted a new constitution which deprived the autonomy of Vojvodina and Kosovo.Slovenia, meanwhile, formed an alliance with Croatia.
introduction of multiparty
History of Yugoslavia as a single undivided state ends in the early 1990s.In those years, the country is still trying to save it from collapse: the Communists decided to share power with other parties who have freely and independently elected by the people.The will was carried out in 1990.The Communist Party of Milosevic won the lion's share of votes, but about the complete victory could only speak in Montenegro and Serbia.
At the same time in other parts of the debate raged.Kosovo resisted tough measures taken to restrain the Albanian nationalism.In Croatia, the Serbs decided to establish its autonomy.But the biggest blow was the announcement of a small Slovenian independence, for which the local population voted in the referendum.Then FPRY beginning to crumble.In any country of Yugoslavia broke up?Besides Slovenia, separated quickly, Croatia and Macedonia, hereinafter - Bosnia and Herzegovina.Over time, individual states have become Montenegro and Serbia, which until recently supported the integrity of Balkan state.
war in Yugoslavia
government FRNYU long tried to save the once powerful and rich country.Troops were sent to Croatia to eliminate the mass riots that occurred there in the background of the struggle for independence.The history of the disintegration of Yugoslavia began precisely with the region, and even from Slovenia - the two republics were the first rebels.During the years of the military action there have been killed, tens of thousands of people, hundreds of thousands lost their homes forever.
Next hotbed of violence broke out in Bosnia and Kosovo.The blood of innocent people for nearly a decade flowed here almost every day.The so-called Yugoslav unit for a long time could not cut any ruling power or peacekeeping troops to throw the West here.Subsequently, NATO and the European Union have waged war with itself Milosevic, exposing its massacres of civilians and atrocities against prisoners of war in the camps.As a result, he was sent to a tribunal.
In how many countries broke up Yugoslavia?After years of confrontation on the world map formed instead of one power for six.This is Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina.There is also Kosovo's independence but not recognized by all countries.Among those who did it first, were the European Union and the United States.
