energy exchange that takes place in all the cells of a living organism, called dissimilation.It is a collection of decomposition reactions of organic compounds in which a certain amount of energy is released.
dissimilation held in two or three steps, depending on the kinds of living organisms.Thus, in aerobic energy metabolism consists of a preparatory, anoxic and oxygen stages.In anaerobes (organisms that are capable of functioning in the absence of oxygen) dissimilation not require final stage.
final stage of aerobic energy metabolism at the end complete oxidation.Thus there is a splitting of glucose molecules to produce energy, which partially goes to the formation of ATP.
worth noting that the ATP synthesis occurs in the process of phosphorylation, ADP when joined to an inorganic phosphate.Thus adenosine triphosphate is synthesized involving mitochondrial ATP synthase.
What reaction takes place during the formation of the power connection?
adenosine diphosphate and phosphate combine to form ATP and energy bonds, the formation of which spent about 30.6 kJ / mol.ATP provides the cells with energy, since considerable amount released by the hydrolysis of ATP is high-energy bonds.
molecular machines, which is responsible for the synthesis of ATP synthase is specific.It consists of two parts.One of them is a membrane and is a channel through which protons fall within the mitochondria.This energy is released, which is captured by the other structural part of the ATP named F1.It comprises a stator and a rotor.A stator fixedly located in the membrane and consists of the delta area, and alpha and beta-subunits, which are responsible for the chemical synthesis of ATP.The rotor comprises gamma and epsilon subunits.This part is spinning, using the energy of the proton.This provides the synthesis of ATP synthase, protons if the outer membrane of mitochondria directed towards the middle.
should be noted that the chemical reactions in the cell characteristic of spatial ordering.Products of chemical interactions of substances distributed asymmetrically (positively charged ions go in one direction and the negatively charged particles are sent to the other side), making the membrane electrochemical potential.It consists of chemical and electrical components.It should be noted that this potential at the surface of the mitochondria become a universal form of energy storage.
This pattern was discovered by the English scientist P. Mitchell.He suggested that the matter after oxidation does not take the form of molecules and the positively and negatively charged ions, which are located on opposite sides of the membrane of the mitochondria.This assumption allowed to clarify the nature of the formation of high-energy phosphate bonds between in the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate, as well as to formulate the chemiosmotic hypothesis of this reaction.
