All the people at least once in life, so allow speech errors.Examples of the number in the thousands, especially when it comes to the Russian language, which, as is well known, is rich and varied.But you need to talk intelligently, therefore it is better to engage in the development of speech.For their own development is to find out what kinds of speech errors exist, and what to do to avoid their use.
Speech and its Specificity
Speech - is an abstract category that directly perceive not succeed.It is also an important indicator of human culture, thinking and, of course, intelligence.While talking, you can learn a lot of things, to understand the complexities of society, nature, and pass the information communicative way.But mistakes do everything - both orally and in writing.And in order to achieve excellence in terms of knowledge of the Russian language, we must recognize all errors - ranging stylistic ending speech.For a start, I would like to touch on concepts.What are the speech errors in the Russian language?This deviation from the existing linguistic norms.You can live in peace, not knowing about them, but how will such a person to communicate effectively with the rest - is the question.It just might be misunderstood.
Pronunciation
worth briefly list the types of speech errors that exist in the Russian language.So this is the pronunciation, vocabulary, phraseological, stylistic, orthographic, morphological, punctuation, and finally syntax.To the first of these are the mistakes that have been committed due to violation orthoepy.The most common speech errors in the Russian language.If a man says instead of "almost" word "why" is confusing accent ("alcohol" - "Alcohol"), reduces "a thousand" to "thousands" - which means that it allows such blots that for native speakers is shameful.
Lexicology
Talking about the types of speech errors, one can not but affect the attention vocabulary.They are also quite common.These include those blots that happen because of the use of phrases or words in the sense that is uncharacteristic for them.So distorted morphemic forms of words and the rules of semantic matching.Incidentally, there is also leksikologii speech classification errors.There are three types.It refers to first mixing the words that are close together meaningfully.Some manage to put it this way: "I'll stand on foot."The second type - a mix of the words that are similar in sound.It occurs quite often: Single - ordinary, clarinet - cornet, escalator - excavator etc.Finally, the third type of error - is a mixture of words that are close and in sound and meaning.Often confused with the addressee of the sender, and diploma with the diplomat.We can not say about the "copyright" errors.To be precise, the writing of non-existent words.For example, "gruzinets" "motovschik" "geroichestvo" etc.
Semantic harmonization
Violation meaning of the sentence by introducing into it the wrong word - is also part of speech errors.Examples can be taken from everyday life: "I raise this toast."So we can not speak, because the "bump" - means to move something.A toast - it's solemn words.They raise no way out.Therefore it is better in this case, a "toast" to replace the word "glass" or else instead of "lift" to say "utter."In both cases will intelligently and logically.By the way, in the same example, we can understand how to determine the speech errors and what to do to avoid it altogether.Before you utter the phrase, the correctness of which there is a doubt, we should recall the meaning of the words involved in its construction.As is the case with the above example.It is also often found in the speech of a tautology and so-called pleonasm.The latter include a combination of two words that are completely identical.The most glaring example - is the phrase "a huge metropolis."Better to say "big city."After all, "metropolis" is translated, because it is not necessary here to add the definition of "huge".Analyzing, so everything that I want to say, will avoid a lot of mistakes.In addition, such training develop speech and thinking.Finally, a tautology.It's all just "seen the video," "shoot arrows", "asked the task", "done deal," etc.Then save synonyms - can be replaced by one word to another - and the phrase will have to look more logical.
morphological and syntactic illiteracy
proposals with speech errors related to morphological, you can hear every day - in the market, in the subway, on the street, in a store.We are talking about the wrong formation of a word.People who have a good command of Russian, these "pearls" cut ear.For example, "played on a piano," "there was deshevshe", "one jeans", "the towel", etc.In this case, you just need to learn the words that are not used in the wrong way.Syntax errors are in the wrong combination of words."Reading Esenina made a huge impression," - here there is a logical question, read his works, or whether he read Sergey?Or, for example, such a sentence: "On a shelf there are a lot of cans" - there is a clear misuse approval.And there are lots of other examples.Some people say accident, in a hurry, while others - because of ignorance.In any case it is necessary to correct himself to the interlocutor did not consider his opponent illiterate.
Terms writing
grammar and speech errors people make, not only in the process of live communication.Many admit blots during correspondences, reporting, writing texts.These include spelling mistakes.They allow a person due to the fact that he does not know how to endure, to write or to reduce the word.Forget to put two "nn" instead of one, instead of "to" write "and" neglect soft signs in the endings of verbs in the "w".Errors may be minor (for example, people have missed the letter, missing by key), and there are also candid absurdity.There was even a case where the student was admitted to the word "Hedgehog" four errors by writing "iosh."However, this is a child who is just learning, and when adults held person committing absurd blots, it is at least strange.Because you need to keep track of his speech, as they say, not to be trapped.
logic in speech
Our speech should be logical - it is known to all.Because we must try not to break the causal relationships, not to let managers in their observations, not to rearrange parts of the proposal and, of course, do not "run" ahead of his thoughts.To clearly communicate, you need to present this information, which it can learn the sides.It is not so difficult, you just need to concentrate on his thoughts.
Extended classification
addressed many speech errors, examples of which clearly show what exactly is this or that shortcoming.But in fact, these kinds of "corrections" much more extended classification of speech errors, respectively, more voluminous.Take, for example, an error consisting in the unjustified use of certain words."Thanks to you, he is sick" - offers like this are very common.The use of the word "through" is impossible, because it bears a very different emotional.And sometimes people make such errors, which even sounds funny.For example, "" The Nose, "Gogol is filled with a deep sense of" or "in the yard have entered two horses.These were the sons of Taras Bulba "- a very unfortunate eating pronouns.By the way, speech errors also include poverty, human vocabulary.Usually this is due to its small vocabulary.He often uses the same word is repeated many.It must also be avoided.
Speech Development
considered the speech errors, such examples and explain the nature of their origin, it can be understood that well to talk - it's not so easy.But almost everyone wants to express himself so that he understood.To do this, you need to constantly work on yourself and your speech, developing it.How to prevent speech errors?You need to read fiction, to visit exhibitions, museums and theaters, to talk with intelligent and educated individuals.All that you need to expand your vocabulary and gain experience in terms of the use of certain words.By the way, a similar development between speech and learning a foreign language can draw a parallel.After all, everyone knows that the person entering the language environment, acquires it better.In this case, the same thing - more communicating with competent people and giving time, cultural activities, you can become better educated.
