structure of federal executive bodies in the majority of countries where settled a federal administrative-territorial structure is defined by the Constitution, and therefore does not depend on the results of parliamentary and presidential elections.This independence is achieved mainly due to the fact that at the legislative level to separate the functions of the state bureaucracy (the system of ministerial or federal control), and, indeed, political control, which varies depending on the election results.Thus, under the federal executive bodies of the Ministry meant that over the functions of determining the policy guidelines in a given field of economy, control and monitoring functions, as well as powers to conduct analytical and research work.Simply put, it's about the structure of the federal government, the policy of the party, whose program has won the current parliamentary and / or presidential elections.
structure of federal executive bodies of the Russian Federation is determined by the number of other principles.Firstly, given that Russia is a presidential republic, the structure of political domination depending on the results of presidential elections and may vary depending on the goals and objectives of its policies.It is clear that the objectives and tasks are not constant and can be adjusted both during the election cycle (presidential, parliamentary elections), and depending on the political situation.And the system of bureaucratic control - is one of the key components of the policy.Second, the structure of the federal executive bodies includes both departments and agencies (federal government) and their representation in the field (regional offices) and a set of state-owned companies and companies implementing public contracts and subject to "his" ministry.This complex system has remained since Soviet times and remained virtually unchanged in the last 20 years.
current structure of the federal bodies of executive power in general is defined by two documents - the relevant Presidential Decree of 08.22.1998 and of 16.10.2001 The offer model of political power can be estimated as hierarchical:
- The federal government includes 24 ministries;
- Ministry (as separate political and administrative structure);
- State Committees (of 10, a ministerial powers);
- Federal Commission (3 structural units, are a kind of "link" between the Government and Parliament);
- federal services (15 autonomous entities, are not formally included in the Government, but with the power ministries);
- national agencies (9 structural units responsible for the development of strategic programs);
- federal structure (accountable to the President of the Russian Federation).This is the so-called "power" bloc of the government - the Interior Ministry, the Federal Security Service, the Ministry of Defense, and so on. In other words, the structure of the federal bodies of executive power requires a presidential bloc, which includes 16 ministries and departments.However, given that the personal composition of the government does not depend on the results of the parliamentary elections and appointed by presidential decree, a working model of state authorities de facto completely subordinated to the President of the Russian Federation.
It is interesting that the powers of local government are regulated by the law, but not clearly defined, although administratively subordinated to the regional (republican) structures.In this regard, some analysts have to say about the regional administrations and local authorities, financially and politically dependent on the federal government.
