matrix management structure is considered one of the most complex structures of adaptive type.Originally developed for the space of its scope, but later it became used extensively in the electronics industry and in the field of high technologies.There is a need to conduct rapid technological change, and thus to the possibility of skilled labor have been used to the maximum.All this has stimulated the emergence of this governance structure.
matrix organization structure is created by combining linear and software and digital technologies.According to the first system (vertical) is used to manage specific organizational activities of the unit sphere.As for the target-oriented form (horizontal), it is used to monitor and control production, purchasing and other areas.
The usage of such a structure is quite extensive, which indicates its high efficiency, even despite the fact that the system of dual subordination often contributes to problems with personnel management.
matrix management structure can be of two types.In the first project manager liaises with the two groups of employees.First of all, these are the members of the project team, which includes in its composition on a regular basis.Apart from them, to communicate with the subordinates, who belong to all the other functional units, to obey him temporarily.
As for the second type, then the temporarily subordinated to the head of performers includes only those that are necessary structural divisions.
project manager in a matrix structure is responsible for the unification of all the resources and activities that are relevant to the implementation of the current program.He managed to achieve this goal, all the material and financial resources received his disposal.The head has the right to allocate the tasks that must be done in the first place, as well as to determine the timing of their implementation.
matrix management structure has such advantages:
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Simultaneous use of several types of activities under ongoing programs.
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high quality results in many projects and programs.
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involved in the case in order to implement a greater number of specific objectives of managers and professionals at all levels.
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overcome the obstacles that are in the organization.The development of functional specialization does not suffer.
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Reducing the load on the head of the highest level due to the redistribution of some of the powers to middle level managers.
fact that, despite the advantages that has a matrix management system, to its use, many practitioners are very skeptical.The theoretical basis of this system is designed so that the implementation in practice it sometimes becomes very problematic.
There is a considerable list of deficiencies, which has such a structure:
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In order to realize it, it is necessary to prepare staff that takes a lot of time.
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structure is very cumbersome and difficult, which entails not only problems with its implementation, but also with the operation.
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Within the system there is no clear distribution of the rights of each party, because there is a tendency to anarchy.
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There are difficulties with prospective employees in the company.
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in times of crisis management matrix structure has a low degree of efficiency.
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Very often begins a power struggle within the framework of the implementation of this system, because the leadership of the authority are not clearly distributed.
