Soil fertility - the key to a rich harvest of fruits of any environmentally friendly plants.Fertile soil does not occur by itself, as a result of the natural process of decomposition of the remains of plants, microorganisms, soil animals remains.It is in the process of humification formed humus (humus, black earth) in the topsoil.Humus contains an accessible form many nutrients needed for proper plant development.
about soil fertility can be seen in plants, occupying the site.Vegetation is fertile soil thick and juicy, on soils poor in humus, and vegetation is weak, rare.On the fertile humus soil grow nettles, mint, groundsel, sow thistle, dandelion, daisy, dead-nettle, chickweed.On depleted soils - chamomile, shepherd's purse, clover, toadflax, chickweed.
most dense soil - clay, it nutrients well-kept, but the soil badly passes water and air, it is heavily processed in dry clay soil formed very dense clumps.
Sandy soil is easily processed, but has few nutrients, and therefore it is required to make fertilizer in high doses.Good absorbing water, sandy soil is not able to hold it.The water dissolves the useful microcomponents and carries them to a depth of reach of the root system.
famous black earth soil so that it is fertile, as rich in humus, nitrogen and potassium.Fine lumpy granular structure of the soil is most suitable for plant growth - it is well breathable and water.
Still, in nature the ideal soil for growing vegetables in all their diversity does not exist.Carrots prefer sandy soil, potatoes - or loamy black earth.To determine what to make fertilizer at the site and what tillage is here the best, you need to know the composition of the soil, its density, moisture content, acidity and structure.
structure of the soil is determined by a simple method - rolling up a small lump of land flagella followed by folding it into the ring.If the harness does not work - the soil is sandy.If the harness is easily curled into the ring - clay soil.To improve the structure of sandy and clay soils need organic fertilizers, green manure crop.If the harness slides, but crumbles when contracted in the ring structure of the soil is normal and does not need to be improved.The best structure is a grain with a grain size of 1 cm. In order to improve the structure of the soil and mulching spend her shallow tillage (harrowing).
Soil acidity can be determined as follows: a clod of earth was placed in a jar with water, razmeshivat, left standing - the earth will be at the bottom, the water - above the ground.In the water dipped a piece of litmus - determinant of acidity.If the paper turns red - the soil is acidic environment if the litmus is blue - the soil is alkaline.To determine the acidity of the soil help to indicator plants.On acid soils indicate buttercup, horsetail, horse sorrel.In alkaline soils grow bindweed, cornrose.Fertile soil is usually neutral or weakly acidic.On such a favorable environment, say nettle, chamomile, wheat grass, dandelion.
to fertile soil remained itself from year to year, or improved fertility, should be carried out in the area of special agricultural activities.These include crop rotation, without which it is impossible to obtain consistently good yields.Dead remains of the same plants during their accumulation in the soil from year to year to form toxic compounds, the metabolism in plants for future plantings.Besides vegetable crops require different elements of a balanced diet, and not the same.According to the rules of the culture back into place only after 5 years.For small areas, this rule can be observed by the method of growing vegetables Mittlaydera.
Rest of soil created from time to time for one season, can improve soil fertility.If previously used "clean steam", now often used green manure crop such as phacelia, white mustard, lupine, buckwheat, rye.These plants contain proteins, nitrogen, trace elements, and the roots improve soil structure, increasing the breathability.Green manure include crop rotation or sow their land after harvesting the main crop.
fertile soil supports a high yield of vegetables, grain and fruit crops in the application of organic and mineral fertilizers.Preference should be given to organic matter that enriches the soil for several years, since decomposes slowly.Adding fertilizer affects short-term effect, and in addition, inhibit soil microflora.
Creating a fertile soil in the garden - it's not one day.But the noble and hard work of the farmer is required to give thanks to him other than a rich harvest of vegetables, fruits and berries.
