can say with great confidence that Russia - is the availability of freshwater country.On the territory of the Russian Federation has more than 2.5 million rivers (both small and large).All of them belong to three oceans.Let's talk with you about what the most important rivers of Russia.The names of most of them are historical, so we have a little touch on the past.On the territory of the Russian Federation, there are so many wonderful rivers and lakes.
Some general information
Approximately 70% of the rivers, which are in Russia, refer to the Arctic Ocean.In the fall the longest pool and deep rivers, such as the Yenisei, two, Lena, etc.By the basin of the Pacific Ocean include Cupid and Anadyr.Especially the last two are in a relatively short length and a rapid current.By the Atlantic Ocean basin is Don.Do not miss an important point, which is that there are a lot of rivers in several neighboring states, such as in Mongolia, Ukraine or Belarus.
As mentioned a little above, in Russia there are more than 2.5 million. Rivers.This fact speaks about the huge supply of fresh water.For agriculture and industry it is also very important.For example, there is no such problem as drought farmland, due to sufficient water resources.We can not say that the total length of all rivers in Russia is about 10 million. Km.You probably think that our country ranks first in the world in terms of water resources?No, unfortunately, the latter.The first is Brazil, where the volume of fresh river water some more.
average annual flow - 4,290 cubic meters per year.It's pretty much, but given the uneven arrangement of the rivers in the country and all kinds of difficulties the organization of rational use of water resources, a stable annual flow of 1,400 cubic meters.As for the amount of water per person in the Russian Federation is about 18 thousand. M3 per year, this time in the US - 8 th. M3, Finland - 23.9 thousand. M3 in the same period.
Let's take a closer look the major rivers of Russia.Names found very different - to figure out how other people, and indigenous people.Let's start with the most interesting.
main river of Russia - Volga
Surface waters hold 12.4% of the total territory of the country.And 84% are concentrated in the east of the Urals.On the territory of Russia is one of the largest rivers of the world, and it is the Volga.Pool it takes more than 30% of the European part of Russia.It proceeds in four regions and eleven republics.If the list
river Russia, whose names are often mentioned in the stories, the Volga will be in the first place.Its length is more than 3 500 kilometers.The distance between Berlin and Moscow, multiplied by two.
course, the Volga is a great economic importance and have for hundreds of years is used as a transportation route, and as a major source of hydroelectric power.
If we talk about Russia's industrial production as a whole, about 45% of enterprises use the resources under consideration of the river.All this suggests that the Volga is of great importance.If not for this body of water, it would have to live with you, we would be much more difficult.
name Russian major rivers such as the Volga, etc., You need to remember, if only because of them that we have more than 80% of all fish.
The origins of the Volga takes the Valdai Hills.Every year people come back to take a sip of water of the Volga.In this spot, the river is a small fontanelle, which with every meter becomes wider and deeper.Here grow lotus flowers - beautiful flowers that we all associate with the East.This great and ancient river devoted a lot of songs and plays.You can endlessly talk about the beauty and majesty of the river, but it is impressive enough, if you do not see the pond with his own eyes.You already know how many rivers in Russia, so let's talk about those that are important for the development of the country.
Cupid, or "Black Dragon»
This giant is on the Trans-Baikal region.Crossing mountain ranges and plains, the Amur flows into the Sea of Okhotsk.The river stretched into three states: Russia, Mongolia and China.About three thousand kilometers of the border between Russia and China is along the Amur River.In China, it is the river of the Black Dragon.According to legend, very long ago there lived two dragons: White - evil, and black - good.When a black dragon defeated evil, he stayed on the bottom.The Chinese and the name stuck.
is noteworthy that at the boundary of the Amur basin is possible to observe an amazing sight - replaced four physiographic zones.Then there are the steppe and semidesert area, as well as forest and steppe.During the entire existence of the Amur settled in these places more than thirty nations of the world and different ethnic groups.If you remember the name of the major rivers of Russia, the head immediately comes Cupid.
can say with certainty that the wetlands of the Far Eastern giant considered a valuable natural complex.The fact that fish resources are reproduced here, and the river is very important for the migration of hundreds of thousands of birds.It nests on the Amur almost 95% of Far Eastern white storks and 50% of white-naped and red-crowned cranes.There are more than 5000 different species of plants and about 400 species of birds and 70 species of mammals.One of the rarest - the Amur tiger.
In recent years the situation has deteriorated significantly in the Amur.This is due to the active intervention of man in the ecosystem of the river.The fact is that in the Amur basin is home to more than a hundred million people, and it is only if we talk about China.If we do not yet know how many rivers in Russia, then in a few years can not be Cupid, and the culprit is man.
Don - witness the history of Russian
According to the research, the scientists were able to name the approximate time of occurrence of this river.According to most scholars, Don appeared about 23 million years ago.It is the largest river in the south of the Russian Plain.In Greek literature there is such a title as the Tanais.Once upon a time there lived the legendary Amazons - female warriors, the likes of which almost was not.About these female warriors there is mention in the Russian stories, according to which, they often engage in battle with the heroes of Russia.If the list
river Russia, whose names were given to other nations, the Don - one of them.Iranian people while living in the Northern Black Sea areas, then these tribes and gave the name of the river that is used today.Don in Russian means "river".
largely dependent on the economy of the south of river transport.Most of them carried it on Don.It's safe to say that on the banks of the river is about 85% of the principal industries.Here and machine-building plants, food and chemical, as well as the tobacco industry.Not without power.On the Don is Rostov NPP, HPP Tsimlyanskaya and Novovoronezh NPP.
It is worth paying attention to the fact that around the world there are three of the Don.The most important is located in Russia, he is the greatest.Junior namesake takes place in the Scottish county of Aberdeen.Another Don located in the County of New York, in England.
As you can see, the river, on the territory of Russia are very popular, and some are known even in foreign countries.We continue our story on, there is still a lot of interesting things.
What is the longest river in Russia?
answer is certainly interested in many.The Lena River - the longest in Russia.In the world as it is the tenth of the length and the eighth deepest.It takes its origin in the mountains of southern Siberia and flows into the Laptev Sea.The length of the river is 4400 kilometers.
On the slopes of the Baikal Ridge Lena originates.In places it is quite a small lake, which even its name has not.It is located at an altitude of about 930 meters above sea level, about ten kilometers from the lake.Among the mountains Lena has no tributaries and flows along the bottom of a small valley.In winter, almost completely frozen, and in the summer is almost completely dry.
take the first tributaries, the river becomes deeper and wider.Mountain for a very fast and sinuous.If you ask what the longest river in Russia is of great importance for the country, it is, without a doubt, Lena.The fact is that this body of water is the main traffic artery of Yakutia.Almost everything that is brought here from the north, the river flows.This is due to the poor condition of roads.
We can not consider population.Studies have shown that on the banks of the Lena lives a few people.The bulk of the settlements located in Yakutsk, but otherwise it is only about the abandoned villages.
Today, virtually impossible to determine where the name.Scientists make the assumption that the origin of the name refers to the Tungus "Yeh-lii-Ene", which means "Big River."
Russian opened the pond in 1621.At first it did demid pyanda explorer, and then - the centurion Peter Beketov.
«Borisfen" or Dnipro
This river flows through the territory of three countries: Russia, Belarus and Ukraine.Despite the fact that most of it is in the RF for all of the states Dnepr important.It is difficult to say when exactly did this source of food and water for the ancient peoples.However, Herodotus mentioned in their treatises of the river called "Borisfen" and its importance for the population.Then he said that this is one of the most profitable of the rivers in the world.It says a lot about the high quality of water.It was clear and pleasant taste.A large number of dwelling fish in the river contributed to the development of fishing villages.
Today, the river is about 2201 kilometers, it ranks third in length in Europe.For the Dnieper River is characterized by a slow and steady flow.In fact, this is a typical lowland river.
Its origin Dnepr takes the Valdai Hills, in the Smolensk region.It flows into the Black Sea, to be exact, in the Dnieper-Bug estuary.
If you list all the rivers flowing through the territory of Russia, the Dnieper - one of the most fertile, as it has more than 400 tributaries, and a lot of fish.Here dwells catfish, perch, carp, perch, as well as about a hundred different species of birds, among which the plover, redshank, swan, duck and many others.
can endlessly talk about how beautiful Dnepr during sunrise or sunset, but it is better to see once, and not so important where you are - in Russia, Ukraine or Belarus.
Yenisei - the real pride of the country
On the origin of the whole legend of the river walk.But history is not supported by the facts.It is not known from where came the name.Someone said that from the Tungus people, the word "EHEC", which means "big water".The other part of researchers and scientists tend to Kyrgyz origin of the word "Ene-sai" - "mother river".But one thing is certain: this is a unique river.The fact is that in the upper reaches of the Yenisei camels are found, and if you go downstream, it is likely you can find an entire family of polar bears preying on the banks.It is noteworthy that on the left bank of the river are the Siberian plains, and on the right begins taiga.Yenisei has a certain influence on the Arctic Ocean.The fact that the Siberian rivers carry enormous amounts of heat, making the climate less harsh north.
Described great rivers of Russia, who brings out of his bed of significant amounts of water, the Yenisei in the first place.About 600 km3 of water per year goes into the Kara Sea.This is several times larger than the Volga flow.The length of the lake is 3487 km, so it rightfully occupies the fifth-longest in Russia.Yenisey is very beautiful, especially in summer and winter when covered with snow or greenery.Of course, there are other long rivers of Russia, which we now talk.
Oka and the Urals
As you have probably noticed that the name of the largest rivers in Russia sometimes is not connected with the activity of the Russian people in their native territory.Oka, for example, originates from the Finno-Ugric word «ioku», which means "river".Since ancient times, the Eye has been an important trade artery.After she became a defense line south of Russia.For our country, the river is very important, as all central Russia lies on the bank of the Oka.The area of its basin is a little more than 240 000 km2.In fact, it is as much takes the whole UK.The length of the river - 1500 kilometers.
Despite the fact that it is not the largest in Russia, it is more important than the Nile to the Egyptians.On Oka located several important nature reserves.One of them is located in the central flow - Oka-terraced second - Oka State Biosphere Reserve - located in the Ryazan region.
Volga and the Danube River - the longest river in Europe.In third place is the Urals, which stretches over 2428 kilometers.In ancient times the river was called "Yaik", which translated from Turkish means "is flooded, overflowing."During the reign of Catherine II in 1775 the river was renamed the Urals, however, even so, in Kazakhstan, most people use the old name.
As you can see, the name of the great Russian rivers is often of foreign origin.Residing in the territory of the nations waters gave their names.
most surprising is that one strand of the Urals is in Europe, and the second - in Asia.Today the river you can see a lot of tourists and fishermen, but almost lost interest in shipping, it is difficult to call the Ural important trade and transport hub of Russia.
Everyone should know
can say with certainty that we must remember the great rivers of Russia, because it is our history.For example, the Volga - is one of the largest rivers in the world - fascinates with its grandeur.Here you can find the amazing flora and fauna.If you love nature, then be sure to take a trip to the Urals.To be precise, the part of his visit, located slightly below Orsk.
Beautiful views of the valley has Guberlin mountains and gates Orsk.There is much geological and landscape monuments, which, although they are not important for the infrastructure of Russia, but of interest to travelers.It is going to a lot of fans of the Urals active fishing.Here you can see a lot of tourists traveling along the course.
biggest in all respects is a river in Siberia, and it Ob.She confluence of two trends, such as Katun and Biya.The length is often considered from the very source of the Irtysh, in this case the river stretches 5410 kilometers.Obi is a large number of industrial bases.This is due to the fact that this lake is home to Bole fifty different species of aquatic life.About 25 species have commercial value, so the navigation is very well developed.
However, not all so rosy as it seems at first glance.The essential problem is the environment.The name of the rivers of Russia (we reviewed the list above) has long been for us, something native, so it is important to take into account that some reservoirs are endangered.
Conclusion Here we have considered the name of the Russian rivers.The list is impressive, but, in fact, is only a few percent of the total water resources of the state.
very important issue that is raised every year more and more, is the environmental situation.A large number of dams and chemical plants on the banks of large rivers significantly worsen living conditions of their inhabitants.As a result of reduced fish catch, affecting water quality.
It should be noted that Russia's small rivers are no less important than giants such as Lena, the Volga, and others. The fact that they are formed from the many tributaries of large rivers.But, as practice shows, the uncontrolled withdrawal of water from small sources leads to narrowing, shallow water and even drying.Today irrevocable consumption of about 4% a year, and it's quite a lot.With such a pace in 12 years, will lose about 50% of small rivers.
little to improve the situation can only be as follows: reducing the amount of waste water.
