Sociology in the Social Sciences occupies a special place.This is due primarily to the fact that she is studying social relations, laws and mechanisms of functioning of social communities.In addition, it acts as a methodology and theory for most of the humanities.A variety of processes and phenomena taking place in public life, has led to the need to examine the social reality as a multilevel system.Therefore, we can say that the structure of multi-sociology.
It should be understood that the structure of sociological knowledge - a knowledge of the ordering of society as a dynamic system, which includes the related submission, the views on the processes taking place in it.That is why the subject of sociology and structure are closely intertwined.The subject of sociology, society appears as a single system with the properties and relationships in the structure of social relations.
Currently, there are different approaches that allow you to define the number of levels of sociology.For example, in the simplest approach, science is divided into basic and applied.According to another theory, the structure of the sociology of the family is defined by levels.These include: the theory and methodological foundations, specialized knowledge, and the application layer associated with sotsioinzheneriey, sociological research methods aimed at obtaining sociological information, as well as knowledge about the organization of specialized services.
However, a three-level structure of sociology in the present period is the most important.It provides such levels, as a theoretical, special, empirical.
theoretical level includes sociology, which is aimed at an objective scientific study of his subject in order to obtain theoretical knowledge about it.At this level there is a causal explanation of the facts of the laws of society, as well as the prediction of the possible outcome of the event.The resulting knowledge can establish a connection between the individual social subsystems.The structure of sociology at this level has the following components:
- system of general and specialized laws, showing the typical, strong ties in the community and its institutions.
- certain system of axioms and postulates on the social aspects of society.
- logic evidence and relevant findings, which are used to justify forecasts and trends.
- Justification regarding the approach of the subject and the object of science.
- System methods and procedures of knowledge with which ensured the completeness of description and prediction of social phenomena.
Intermediate special sociology defines its scientific functions.It is based on the categorical apparatus, as well as the principles that guide the direction of holistic science, at the same time acquire the typical ways of acquiring knowledge, the special theory.It is a transition from the theoretical foundations to empirical studies, respectively, it is a synthesis of the two levels of knowledge.For example, if the first level of the personality is a set of social relations, the special theory of this concept is detailed and specified.Accordingly, a person begins to be seen as a vehicle of social roles that determine its place in the system of social relations.
structure of sociology at the third level allows you to set the relationship between a large number of dependent variables.By varying understood phenomenon, processes which can be represented as a variable value.Empirical sociology seeks to conduct research using the methods, techniques and special methods.With its help it is possible to give a more complete description of the facts gathered.
