electric field, according to the basic physical concepts, is nothing more than a special kind of material medium arising around charged bodies and influence the organization of interaction between such bodies with a certain finite velocity and in a strictly limited space.
has long been proved that an electric field can occur as in stationary and in motion at tel.The main indication of the presence of this type of material is its impact on electric charges.
One of the main quantitative characteristics of the electric field is the concept of "field strength".In numerical terms, this term means the ratio of forces acting on a test charge, directly to the quantify of charge.
E = F / q ave.
The fact that the charge of the trial means that he no part in the creation of this field will not accept, and its value is so small that it does not lead to any distortions of the original data.The field strength is measured in V / m, which is conventionally equal to H / C.
famous English explorer Michael Faraday introduced into scientific circulation method of graphic representation of the electric field.According to him, this particular form of matter in the drawing must be represented in the form of continuous lines.They later became known as the "line of the electric field" and their direction on the basis of basic physical laws, coincides with the direction of tension.
Power lines are needed to show the quality features such intensity as density or density.The density of the lines of tension depends on the number per unit area.Create images of power lines to determine the quantitative expression of the field strength on its individual sections and learn how it changes.
Curiously enough the properties of the electric field of dielectric.As is known, dielectric - a substance that substantially no free charged particles, however, as a consequence, they are not capable of conducting an electric current.These substances should be referred in the first instance, all gases, pottery, porcelain, distilled water, mica, etc.
In order to determine the field strength in the insulator, it must pass through an electric field.Under its action related charges in the dielectric begin to shift, but to leave the limits of their molecules, they can not.The direction of displacement implies that the positively charged move in the direction of the electric field, and negatively charged - against.As a result of these manipulations inside the dielectric, a new electric field whose direction is the opposite of the external.This significantly weakens the internal field outside, hence the tension last fall.
The field strength is its most important quantitative characteristic, which is directly in proportion to the force with which this particular form of matter acts on an external electrical charge.Despite the fact that it is impossible to see the size, by drawing the lines of force of tension can get an idea of its density and orientation in space.
