House Mouse - a type of rodent that has spread throughout the world, becoming one of the most common mammals.This is due to their ability to co-exist with humans.
District habitat
Mouse House, which presents photos in this article, is in fact a wild animal.The name she received for human habitation around.House mouse in the world live everywhere, except in areas of permafrost in Antarctica and the highlands.The Latin name of the animal - Mus musculus, at the same time added to it the third floor showing the area habitats, for example, house mice, which live in south-east Asia - is Mus musculus castaneus.In our country, as almost everywhere live house mice: Krasnodar Territory, Rostov Region, the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Astrakhan and others. The only exceptions are the regions of the Far North.
Lifestyle
House Mouse lives in a variety of habitats and landscapes, including man-made landscapes.It is very closely connected with the people and often inhabit farm buildings and homes.In the north, they carry out seasonal migration.For example, in the late summer in large animals begin to move in a warm place: grain and vegetable stores, houses, warehouses.The range of such migrations can reach 5 km.Often they spend the winter in stacks in stacks and belts.In the spring of leaving their "winter quarters", returning to the gardens, vegetable gardens, in the field.In the south, the area is often live year-round without human habitation.At this point, house mice are attached to the various reservoirs, oasis.
in nature lodge on a not very ephemeral, soft soils.There's a simple device dig small holes.Inside they make litter, using vegetable soft cloth.Often also occupy burrows of other animals: slepushonok, voles, gerbils - or used to live in the cracks in the earth and natural cavities.Settling about a person, they arrange their nests in the most sheltered and secluded corners, mostly under the floor, in attics, in heaps of waste and debris.For nests are used in this case, any materials available to them: shreds of cloth, paper, feathers, wool, man-made fibers.House mouse in its nest carefully maintain order.In case of heavy contamination of bedding, strong infestation or wet, they just leave the place, moving into some new.
In nature, they are nocturnal and crepuscular animals, but the human habitation mode adjusts their daily lives under.Sometimes in artificial light, they remain active all day, reducing it only during active human activity.The activity polyphase animal, the day has 20 periods of wakefulness, which lasts up to 90 minutes.Like many other mouse, they are under constant movement hold certain routes, creating marked paths with small piles of dust and dung, urine fastened.
house mouse is very nimble, agile animals;they are well run, jump, climb and even good swim.But from the nest, they are often far removed.Each mouse in the nature there are individual plot: males up to 1200 m2, and the females up to 900 m2.But with a high density of animal populations settle in small family groups or colonies, consisting of a main male, several females with their children.Among the members of this colony is established is always a hierarchical relationship.Males with each other rather aggressive female aggression exhibit much less.Inside, groups of families are very rare skirmishes, mostly they are in exile offspring that have grown up.
Description
house mouse - a long-tailed, small rodents with the body of an oval shape, small head, beady eyes and rounded ears.The tail is covered with sparse hairs and a ring-shaped scales.Animals that live in nature, such as the sable color, in this case the hair at the base of the tail have brownish-brown, mid-yellow, while the tip is painted in pale gray.Abdomen much lighter colored - to white.This breeds mice that were bred by selective breeding, have a huge range of colors: black, white, gray-blue, yellow, and colors that combine several shades.White mice - albinos, as they have almost no melanin is synthesized, which is responsible for coloring fabrics.Also breeders brought tailless, long-haired, short-tailed, hairless, satin and curly mice.
Character
house mouse curious, lively, clever, intelligent, but very shy animals.The sudden noise or harsh sounds scare them.They are social animals and do not like being alone.Without communication and attention to house mice grieve and begin to run wild.Females - beautiful mother, and the male paternal feelings to their offspring show only if there are no other cell in males.
relationship with other pets
house mouse - it's pets, which can be dangerous dogs, cats, rats and birds.
attitude towards children
They can start in those families in which the children was 10 years old.They want to have a "proper" animal, although the experience of caring for him is missing.Many people wonder, "house mouse bite or not?"It should be noted that they are not aggressive, but may bite, have not yet managed to adapt to the surroundings and the owners, therefore, you must first help the children meet with the animal and tame it.Very young children with these tiny, with brisk and nimble creatures should not be left alone.
Education
house mice - pets that are the smartest animals including rodents, with ornamental species quite quickly get used to their owners and well tamed if they pay enough attention while talking gently andgently.They are able to remember his nickname.Mice quickly begin to recognize the aroma of a man who brings food and fun will meet him squeak.Animals can be trained to respond to a variety of whistles and different teams, for example, "To me!", "To Serve", "Home!»
worth noting that scientists have long studied house mice.Kotenkova EV(Sc.D.), for example, focused on this issue a lot of time writing several scientific papers about their behavior, as well as their role in ancient mythology.
Power
house mice have basic diet - grains and seeds.They love to eat wheat, oats and millet, roasted pumpkin seeds and sunflower seeds.They can also give dairy products, white bread, slices of egg whites and cooked meat.Green parts of various plants can be one-third of the animal diet with normal amounts of water.At the same time of juicy fodder mouse prefer cabbage leaves and dandelion, cucumber slices, beets and carrots, green grass.Mouse over the item needs to be up to three milliliters of water.In the summer they can eat insects and their larvae.Mice metabolism is very high, therefore, they are always in the trough should be feed.
Care and Maintenance
Mouse comprise at home can be a metallic meshed cage, and in a special plexiglass container with a lid.It is necessary, as well as the mouse jump in height.Terrarium or cage should be sufficiently large, since the animals are very active and they need to move.The use of litter as a strip of paper or unpainted chips.The cell house is set (bank, box, pot, etc.), In which the mouse to arrange a nest, drinkers, feeders, put a piece of chalk, as well as other devices for games.To do this, suitable ladders, levels, shelters, branches, it is also desirable to put the wheel to run.
terrarium or cage placed as far as possible from windows, radiators, air conditioners and doors, since animals do not like jumps temperatures, direct sunlight and drafts.Preferred air temperature is 20 ° C at a humidity of 55%.Every day of the cells and scavenge leftovers, wash feeders and waterers.Bedding changed three times a week, at least once a month to disinfect and complete cleaning of the cage or cage.The stools of mice have an unpleasant pungent odor.This smell is much weaker females than males.
In the terrarium, it is desirable to install large pieces of tree branches directly from the bark (birch, willow, mountain ash) to animals could grind them cutters.Keep in mind that these animals are poisonous lilac.The cell can also put wooden toys with which pet will play stachivaya with the incisors.When properly organized housing for house mice walks are not needed.If we walk animal still out, then place it is necessary to limit arms walks or host table.It must be remembered that the various house plants are poisonous to mice, including Aralia, yucca, Christmas star, stool, etc..
When the content of several animals, it is desirable to create same-sex groups: male 2-3 or 2-3 females living in a common cell, get along well together.This better get on those that occurred from one brood.Newborn babies should not be handled desirable to disturb their mother.
Such mice - animals evening and night, they can interfere with sleep, and the noise generated by different sounds, while basically adjusted to the human mode.
- Diseases Infectious diseases are caused by parasites, microorganisms and viruses.
- cystitis, tumors of different etiology.
- Mouse pox, pneumonia, salmonnelez, respiratory mycoplasmosis, genital mycoplasmosis, otodektoz, otitis media.
causes harm
mice Destruction of mice caused them harm brought by human reserves, as well as equipment and household appliances.
wild house mice, the struggle with which the person is being centuries, able to eat almost anything.As a result, the house podedennymi become food, candles and soap, wiring and so on.
Animals gnaw grain warehouses, destroying the crops of different root vegetables, eat cereal stocks also greatly pollute the products of their home life.They actively secrete their waste, so even a small population can cause enormous harm.Thus, the bulk of the animals do not eat grains, namely pollute.
In addition, house mice (to get rid of them, we learn later) - a large number of carriers of pathogens of various diseases.They can transmit human E. coli, helminth eggs, cause plague and typhoid fever.They very often live blood-sucking insects, including fleas and ticks, passing with pleasure and per person.
therefore, can cause considerable damage to the house mice.How to get rid of them, unfortunately, they do not know everything.Professional destruction of animals becomes the main activity for the suburban areas, private homes, catering, as well as different types of institutions.This service can be ordered from specialized companies, or use the old-fashioned mousetrap.
little history
in nature are born periodically mouse white - albinos, which is almost impossible to survive, because they are very visible and instantly become the prey.But in ancient times in Crete they were kept alive in the form of amulets that bring luck.They also kept in temples, where they are specially cared ministers.4000 years ago in ancient Egypt bred and kept mice, paying close attention to the color types.They Egyptians attributed supernatural powers, moreover, they depicted them in their vessels of clay.
Between Roman and medieval healers for medical drugs are used in mice and rats, while in Asia and today they are bred specifically for such purposes.With the development of veterinary medicine and experimental mice and rats was used for the various studies both laboratory animals.It is believed that the decorative and laboratory mouse takes its origin from the white, spotted and black fighting mice, described in the book in the 1787 edition.It tells about the animals, which at that time was used to fighting.Their English merchants brought from Japan.Later mouse formed a special line of house mice, with decorative rocks to breed began as a pet.
at the moment in various countries of Western Europe and America, there are Clubs of fans of the mice, the main purpose of which is considered the breeding of new varieties of these animals.Most often receive special different colors: gray, white, red, brown, purple or pinkish with spots.There are special exhibitions with expert judgment.
But in our country decorative mouse less known than in the countries of America and Europe, but among fans of the animals they are every year more and more popular.The clubs of fans of various rodents created special section of decorative mice, open nurseries that are engaged in breeding and breeding work, as well as exhibitions, where, together with other small animals are exposed and house miniature mouse.
