When we hear the word "mound", our imagination, usually draws a picture mound of earth, overgrown with grass, under which is hidden ancient burial.This is due to the fact that it is the grave-mounds were the most the interests of humanity.Ancient people, believing in the afterlife, converted burial, in fact, in the treasury, which later attracted the attention of archaeologists and treasure hunters black diggers.So what is the mounds?For what purpose they have built them?
What does the word "mound"
Dictionaries different interpretations of the meaning of "mound", placing it with one or another language.In a literal translation from the Turkish mound means "fortress".Sometimes it is called the hill above the ancient graves, burial ground, a hill or a small hill.The Tartar word meaning "mound" may just be a mound hill and bulk;Ancient tomb;an ice slide, rushing sea (iceberg);metal jug that has the spout, handle and lid;kubganom or kunganom and more correctly - kumgans;Bakaldina water.
translated from the ancient Turkic language meaning "mound" - "hill" or "mound".The Sumerians called artificial mound with the words "chicken-en" and "egg-Gal", meaning "mountain of the sky" or "the great mountain."And mounds - this Maar, hills, Lithuanian grave.
In Russian, the word denotes the boundary, Mezhuyev, Sentinel Hill.Why so?And because of the mounds began foreign lands.In addition, for the word was rusichej output astrahom Babylon, a cellar and a basement with a complex device.
Barrow - what is it?
believe that it is only dumping is wrong.Then what is barrows?They not only organized the burial, but also public spaces, and storage storage.Inside mounds settled in the church with an altar and excellent acoustics.They supplied the royal doors and prayer rooms.
in Kurgan, where the temple is detected attributes appear arranged home.They were a kind of old house.Mounds - a stone structures erected without the use of binding solutions.Earth poured such dwellings with a view to inside buildings did not get rain.Mound of earth buildings that served as a kind of roof.
And what is the burial mounds erected on Russian soil?In Russian villages hitherto preserved Babylon-outs, more storage cellars small size of the device similar to the typical mounds.The cameras have built of stone or wood and covered with earth.The main purpose of the cellars - storage of fruits, vegetables, pickles, and other things.If the cellar built glacier, it is stored in the refrigerator, perishable foods such as meat and milk.
device
So, what is barrows?This earth mounds over the ancient buildings of various purposes.The first of them belong to the Late Neolithic and Eneolithic.These hills, archaeologists discovered on all continents (except Australia).In mounds, usually spherical.However, there are buildings with a rectangular or oval base.
Their size varies.In large hills diameter of 100 meters and a height greater than 20 meters.Long hills resemble elongated mound.Earth peppered single ancestral graves and mass burials.Their interiors have different device.They were built in the form of crypts, catacombs, Wooden houses, stone and earthen chambers.
cemeteries filled with utensils, weapons, ornaments, food.They were buried with the deceased's wife, servants and horses.Mounds mostly formed whole groups of hills.Giant mounds formed from several thousand mounds.Although there are also freestanding mounds.They are all different size and wealth of interior decoration.
history Matvey-mound
Mateveev Barrow - rural settlement in the Rostov region.Its name comes from a legend, according to which there is no time in places hunted robbers.Ataman Matvei they had.Murdered gang leader, rob merchants, buried on the mound, located on the shores of the river Mius.
This place, Matvey-mound historians associate with the "Lay ...".It is in the vast eastern surrounding villages come to pass pre-battle with Prince Igor Polovtsian.Here commander captured nomads use the "Greek fire".
In 1942, on the heights of the village were bloody battles between the three brigades and marine invaders.Now, on the mound, on a mass grave, it is a Soviet memorial ensemble vonam who sacrificed their lives during the Second World War.
Mamayev Kurgan
This name arose a very long time.But, apparently, it can not be associated with the name of the commander of Mamaia.It is believed that the name for the mound was the Turkic word translated as "hill", "elevation".However, in another version in place of the burial mound located outpost, built by Khan Mamai.Therefore, Hill received the same name.
in 1942-1943.in the center of Volgograd for two hundred days rattled fierce battle of Stalingrad.Soviet soldiers defended the height of 102.0, beating it with the Germans.After the Second World War Mamayev Kurgan became a place of memory and grief.On the hill erected memorial in honor of soldiers-heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad.The compositional center of the ensemble of the sculpture "Motherland".
