language as a means of communication and transmission of information has two basic forms - monologue and dialogue.Each of them has its own distinctive features and distinguishing characteristics.Monologue form, depending on the application message, its content and the method of presentation is divided into three functional semantic type.
types of speech and their classification
In linguistics includes such functional-semantic types of speech, as a description, reasoning, narrative.The narration and description associated with the events, actions, objects and their attributes, and reflects the reasoning and thought processes associated with the concepts and judgments.The text of each type is rarely presented in pure form.Usually, when speaking or writing types text in Russian language appear in a mixed form, for example, a description of the elements of the argument or narrative with elements of description.
Description
Description - is a kind of text, whose mission - to represent any object, phenomenon, fully human, with all its distinctive features.It draws attention to its shape and size, given a color characteristic.Description more static in terms of events than other types of text.If this functional-semantic type of speech presented in the form of the formula, we get: description = 1 indication +2 +3 sign of a sign, etc.
striking example of text-portraits are descriptions of the characteristics of the characters works.They are the authors not only describe the appearance, but also indicate some of the characteristics of the person, through which can be seen through the appearance of a psychological type of an image.
description usually contains a large number of "descriptive" parts of speech: adjectives, participles, adverbs, gerunds.Often there are descriptive and expressive language means: metaphors and epithets.Other functional and semantic types of speech can not boast such a variety.The imagery is a distinctive sign of describing it.
narrative
very lexical meaning of the word "narrative" indicates that this type of text is intended to describe any developments or events in the development.This is a story with a consistent presentation of something that has a beginning, develops in time and ends.The word "serial" here is key.
And if you continue to provide functional and semantic types of speech in the form of schemes, the story would be: the story = 1 event +2 +3 event event, etc.Usually, the text of the story has a strict composition: the introduction or exposure, a major part of where in certain time frames and develop the event ending (or epilogue).In fact, any story is an example of the narrative.Naturally, the most common type of speech uses the verb form of perfect form.Through them, it's best to convey a succession of events that change them in time.
reasoning
reasoning - is a type of text that conveys the sequence and the order of ideas in the process of reflection on any phenomenon or event.Like other functional and semantic types of speech, it has a number of distinctive features.Text argument corresponds to the scheme: arguments = arguments thesis + + output.It is characterized by an abundance of abstract and scientific vocabulary, including of abstract nouns, foreign words.In addition, the introductory part of the word, such as "first", "second", "therefore", "thus" transferring the train of thought.
composition text argument is the following: formulated as a basic idea of the thesis, the main part, which contains judgments and conclusions arising from the arguments to support or refute the thesis, and then output.
