Analysis of the composition of words (or morpheme - by the term "morpheme", which indicates the minimum significant component of the word) - a type of linguistic analysis.Its purpose - to determine the structural composition of the token.That is, to make a correct analysis of the composition of words, you need to find and select all the ingredients of which are built a certain word form.This analysis (not to be confused with the morphological, where the word is considered in terms of membership in a particular part of speech) is called morpheme.
Analysis of the composition of words should begin with the establishment of the boundaries of each morpheme, that is necessary to correctly determine the prefix, root, suffix, ending basis.But it is worth remembering that not every word form must contain all existing morpheme, for example, "school" is from the root (-shkol-), suffix (-n-) and end (th).But, in turn, (and it is not uncommon for the modern Russian language), there are words that include several roots, prefixes or suffixes.For example, "steamer" has two roots (-par- and -hod-), a suffix (-n-) and ending (-s).A "student" is from the root (-slush-) and two suffixes (-a- and -tel-), but does not have a set-top box, and the ending of this word will be zero (not formally expressed in writing letters).
So to make the right analysis of the composition of words, it is necessary to recall the definition of the minimum basic meaningful units of language.Home morpheme which carries the lexical meaning (ie expresses the meaning), and is a common part of single-root words - the root.
example, as that of the next series of related "water", "watery", "diver", "Vodicka" - will be the -water.Words without roots in the Russian language does not exist.But consisting only of it - a lot, "running", "cinema", "very", "horse", "home".
morpheme, which takes its place in the word before the root, called attachment, and come after him - the suffix.It is quite clear that it is impossible to come up with a token, which will contain only the prefix or suffix only.
It is necessary to consider the procedure for determining morphemes making morphemic analysis of words in composition.The root, prefixes and suffixes, scientists, linguists refer to derivational morphemes.That is such in which the formation of new words in the language.In addition to word-building, shaping release.They exist in order to form a number of forms within the same token, as well as for expressing grammatical meaning.To such end morphemes are some suffixes.
End - is a kind of morpheme, which forms the different forms of the same word, as well as being an indicator of grammatical gender, number, case, time and so on. D. It is possible to allocate only variable parts of speech.
However, we must distinguish between the words do not have endings, and a null-terminated.As already mentioned, it does not have the word forms that do not change - gerunds, adverbs, indeclinable nouns, adjectives, standing in the comparative degree.A zero ending - is not formally dedicated index of grammatical meaning of the word variable.Examples of formative suffixes -l- can be used to form the past tense verbs (walk-Tb + suffix -n) -e- by which formed much comparison, adverbs and adjectives (loud - louder).
Finally, the word is the foundation - all its components without end.Going beyond the school curriculum, it can be determined as part of the basis of token not only without end but also without formative suffixes.
It is necessary to consider the procedure for determining morphemes, making analysis of the composition of words.Examples morphemic analysis:
«forest»
- End - "oh»
- Base - "Forest»
- root - "Forest»
- suffix - "n»
«employees»
- End- «and»
- Base - "employee»
- root - "labor»
- Console - "co»
- suffix - "nickname»
Thus, summing up the theme "Analysis of words in composition", it is necessarynoting that only by following a certain order: find the end (if any), designate the foundation to establish where the root (by selection of one-root words), select the suffix, prefix (if any), you can avoid mistakes.
