Pig is the second animal, which, after the dog was domesticated by man.She began to breed them not only for their meat but also bristles, bones and skin.
It happened about seven thousand years ago in Egypt.
in our country in the pre-revolutionary years, pig stood at the most primitive level of development, it has not been practically no breeding work with these pets.And only a few country estates carried out the selection of imported, completely while ignoring local breeds of pigs.
And only since 1918 breeding pigs headway.Already since 1923 in England began to import pigs, which played a fundamental role in the development of the domestic pig.They were mostly large white animal species.A large-scale breeding work.
Experts sought to create such a pig breeds that have in their biological characteristics, productivity, beneficial economic quality and adaptability to the data feed and the natural conditions superior to those animals that already existed in the region.
new breed of pigs had to meet the following requirements:
- have more vitality and have a strong constitution;
- compete on all economic indicators from farmed in the area;
- have a stable heredity, which, if unrelated interbreed breeding gives the opportunity to receive a large number of breeding stock - families and lines.
Breeders know that within each breed pigs have a few animal species, and for selection between the desired types, can bring about a change in the right direction.
Today worldwide there are more than 100 species of pigs.In Russia, the most common are: large white, white Lithuania, Lapshinskaya white, white Ukrainian steppe, Livny, Mirgorod, Landrace, kalinkinskaya etc.
Domestic pigs in their biological characteristics - disease resistance, strength constitution adapted to the local climate and food - far superior to foreign ones.
According to its production type pigs divided into meat and greasy, greasy and bacon.
meat breeds of pigs - Duroc, Landrace, Tamworth, Estonian bacon, Urzhum - up to 6 months are actively growing, they are nutritious and tender meat.It is because they cook so popular bacon.
Unlike bacon, meat greasy rocks - Ukrainian steppe, the Latvian white, Livny, Poland China, Breit, North Caucasus - have a high average daily gain.
sebaceous same breed - Mirgorod, large black, Berkshire and mangalitskaya - complete muscle growth at a young age, and then they begin saloobrazovaniya strengthened.During the year the owner can have litters of sows, fattening after giving up two or three tons of meat.
pigs rock formation continues today.Based on the requirements of buyers, breeders change the direction of efficiency of different species, creating new ones.For example, due to the fact that demand for tender pork increases, currently underway, not only to improve the meat quality of local breeds, but also to create a completely new species.
Pigs are smart enough animals, sometimes they are even better trained than cats and dogs.That is why in recent years have gained immense popularity dwarf miniature breeds - mini-piggies, which may include a home.And the French are using specially trained individuals seeking such an expensive mushroom as the truffle.
