rain, snow or hail - all these concepts we are familiar with from childhood.To each of them we have a special relation.Thus, the rain brings sadness and melancholy thoughts, snow, on the contrary, fun and uplifting.But the hail, for example, very few people like, because it can cause huge damage to agriculture and serious injuries to those who will be at this time on the street.
We long ago learned how to identify the external features of the approach of those or other precipitation.So, if in the morning on the street is very gray and cloudy, possible precipitation in the form of heavy rains.Typically, this rain is not very strong, but it can last all day.If, however, appeared on the horizon thick and heavy clouds - possible precipitation in the form of snow.Light clouds in the form of feathers portend strong rain showers.
It should be noted that all types of precipitation - the result of a very complex and very long-term processes in the Earth's atmosphere.So as to form a normal rain, it is necessary the interaction of three components: the sun, the Earth's surface and atmosphere.
Precipitation - is ...
Precipitation - is water in liquid or solid form that falls out of the atmosphere.Precipitation can either fall on the Earth's surface directly or settle on it or on any other subjects.
rainfall in a particular area can be measured.Measure the thickness of the water layer in millimeters.This solid pre-melt types of precipitation.Average rainfall per year on the planet - 1000 mm.In tropical deserts falls no more than 200-300 mm and the driest place on the planet - is the Atacama Desert, where the fixed annual amount of precipitation - about 3 mm.
The formation
How they are formed, different types of rain?The scheme of their formation - one, and it is based on a continuous cycle of water in nature.Let us consider this process in more detail.
begins with the fact that the sun begins to warm the earth's surface.Under the influence of heating water mass contained in the oceans, seas, rivers, is converted into steam mixed with air.Vaporization processes occur throughout the day, continuously, to a greater or lesser extent.Volumes vaporization depends on the latitude, and the intensity of the solar radiation.
The moist air is heated and begins on immutable laws of physics, to climb up.After rising to a certain height, it is cooled and moisture present therein, gradually turns into water droplets or ice crystals.This process is called condensation, and that such particles consist of water clouds, which we admire in the sky.
droplets in clouds grow and become larger, taking an increasing amount of moisture.As a result, they become so heavy that they could not be retained in the atmosphere and fall down.So are born and precipitation, species which depend on the specific weather conditions in a particular area.
fell on the Earth's surface water flows over time streams into rivers and the sea.Then the natural cycle in the geographical envelope is repeated again and again.
Precipitation: precipitation types
As already mentioned here, there are so many varieties of precipitation.Meteorologists identify several dozen.
All kinds of deposits can be divided into three main groups:
- drizzling;
- Widespread;
- storm.
Precipitation may also be liquid (rain, drizzle, fog) or solid (snow, hail, frost).
Rain
This is a kind of liquid precipitation in the form of drops of water falling on the ground by gravity.Droplet sizes can vary from 0.5 to 5 millimeters in diameter.Raindrops falling on the water surface, the water is left for diverging circles perfectly round.
Depending on the intensity of the rain can be drizzling, or Widespread rain.Also distinguish this type of precipitation as rain and snow.
freezing rain - a special type of precipitation which are in sub-zero air temperatures.Not to be confused with hail.Freezing rain drop is frozen in the form of small balls, whose inside is water.Falling to the ground, these balls are broken, and the water flows from them, leading to the formation of dangerous ice.
If the intensity of the rain is too high (about 100 mm per hour), it is called rain.Livni formed on cold atmospheric fronts, within the unstable air masses.As a rule, they observed a very small area.
Snow
These solid precipitation in sub-zero air temperature, and have the form of snow crystals, commonly referred to as snowflakes.
During snow greatly reduced visibility in heavy snowfall, it may be less than 1 kilometer.During severe frost light snow can be observed even at the cloudless sky.Separately released this kind of snow as wet snow - is rain falling at low temperatures above zero.
Grad
This kind of solid precipitation formed at high altitudes (at least 5 kilometers), where the temperature is always lower than - 15 °.
How is hail?It is formed from the drops of water, which then fall, then rise sharply in the vortex of cold air.Thus formed large ice balls.Their size depends on for so long these processes occur in the atmosphere.There were times when the ground dropped hailstones weighing 1-2 kilograms!
Garden on its internal structure is very similar to an onion: it consists of several layers of ice.You can even count them, just as they find the rings on trees felled, and determine how many times the vertical drop of realizing swift travel in the atmosphere.
worth noting that the degree - it's a real disaster for agriculture, because it could easily destroy all the plants on the plantation.Also define the approach of hail in advance is almost impossible.It begins immediately and is usually in the summer season.
Now you know how to form precipitation.Types of precipitation can be very different, and that makes our beautiful and unique nature.All processes running in it - simple, and at the same time brilliant.
