Sable - a mammal which belongs to the family Cunha.Its closest relative is the pine marten.Units of the animal world can boast of such nobility, such elegance and harmony, what possesses sable.
Sobol (animal): description
body of the male is 60 cm long and weighs 2 kg.Females are much more elegant, they are inferior to the males in size.The trunk is slightly elongated sable, short legs, therefore, back the animal all the time is curved.Feet wide, perfectly adapted to terrestrial life.The animal has a very bushy tail, whose length is 20 cm.
have sable head triangular in shape, rather large.Slightly pointed muzzle, large framed triangular ears.
real wealth of this animal - its lush dense fur that becomes even thicker in winter, closing the claws and paw pads.In the summer of color animal torso solid, dark brown, legs and tail are slightly darker.In winter, its coat becomes paler.Light shades stands out head and a bright spot appears frequently in the throat, which is not observed in the summer.
Due to the different color options for the animal appeared different names: "Fur" - the brightest, "head" - the black sable, "Vorotov" - an intermediate color.
Distribution
Sable - animal (photos presented in this article), which lives in the taiga region of Eurasia.The bulk of the lives in the Far East and Siberia.In addition, a small number of animals exist in Korea, Mongolia, in the north-eastern part of China, in the north of the island of Hokkaido (Japan).
If this space before the animal lived in large numbers, in the present moment because of intensive fishing dramatically reduced its range.In the early twentieth century, the population density is not less than 10%.Coniferous taiga - a house sable.The animal beyond it never goes out.It can be found in the dark forests, where growing spruce, fir, cedar, where the dark and damp.He chooses a difficult, cluttered place, covered with stones, moss, branches.
Lifestyle
Sable - a unique creature, who leads a nomadic and sedentary.The beast is tied to some specific area and rarely in a lifetime beyond its borders.Forest fires, natural disasters, lack of food, massive deforestation can only make the animal sable, interesting facts about the life of which are presented in this article, leave the habitat.
The animal on the site has a large number of temporary shelters and more permanent.Last fall and winter brood.For sable is characterized by the fact that his home he himself builds and uses natural cavities.
uscheliny He chooses between the stones, niches under turnout, lying in hollow trees or decks.In winter, the nest he sneaks under the snow.Nora animal hides, which means that it easily can be found on the huge number of tracks that converge in a common place.
Power
Sable - practically omnivorous animal.Basically its food are various rodents, mice, shrews, moles, chipmunks.Sometimes he catches between rocks pikas, sometimes eating protein.Large males can even hunt rabbits.Animal food of the birds can be a small passerines (adults, chicks, eggs), grouse, partridges.Although he hunts them extremely rare.
Sobol, who live in the Far East, can also eat fish.During spawning animals come to the banks of rivers where the fish pick up the dead.In winter, when it is difficult to get food, sable feeds on carrion.If large animal is killed, it feeds on carrion huge number of these little animals.Especially for this they arrange for themselves temporary shelters nearby.
Sable happy to regale and honey.Finding hollow bees, he will come to it until such time as it is not completely devastate (larval cells, as well as the bees themselves).Although its main food - it's berries and fruits.He often steal from other animals hollows pine nuts, in winter from the snow produces berries remaining on branches (cranberries, blueberries, cloudberries).
Reproduction
Sable - animal insemination and breeding of which scientists have studied for a long time.Small sobolyata hatch spring, mainly in April, in an amount of 2-5 animals.The birth takes place in a specially equipped shelters that female lined with moss, wool and hay.Birth weight is about 30g, and they are completely helpless.In the last month they begin to distinguish between different sounds, and open their eyes.
Subspecies
There are several subspecies of animals that differ in habitat, fur and colors:
- Sayan;
- West Siberian;
- Sakhalin sable;
- Barguzin sable;
- Yenisei;
- Kamchatka sable.
Fishing
Sable - an animal that is valued for its very thick fur.Such a wealth of small animal has brought a lot of troubles.His skin is very expensive appreciated.She became known as "soft gold".Consequently, these animals are constantly hunted.Because of this, its population has decreased dramatically.
sew from his fur hats, coats.The peoples of Siberia is not prized sable fur and knocked them from the bottom of the ski.Local hunters have tried to keep the number of animals.Hunting has carried out only once every 3 years to rebuild the population.
Hunting methods
Sable - animals which are arranged traps or hunting with huskies.In the latter case the animal driven into a tree, which already shoot down.But if the sable hide in the bush, it is almost impossible to drive there.Then the hunters around this place a snare, and then begin to expel its probe.This method of hunting was called obmet.
Taming sable
should be noted that domestication is easily sable.Animal at home reminds on the behavior of the cat.This animal is very quickly get used to the owner.At the present moment sables are mainly bred artificially, on fur farms.In captivity, sable (pet) can live up to 18 years.
Restoring number
Keeping the number of animal became the attempt to breed in the reserves, and then settle on the territory of the other.This proved a difficult task, because at first it was difficult to obtain offspring.It was necessary to study the habits of the animal, putting a lot of effort for this.
planning the reintroduction of the animal, you must carefully consider the territory its release, as well as to check whether he lived there before.Of great importance is a change of scenery (fires, deforestation).Once at the site reitroduktsii fishing need to stop for a while.
to identify areas for sable is crucial to the existence of the base feed, breeding sites of competitors and animal predators.
sable breeding in captivity
Some difficulties arise when breeding animals at home.Sable - a moving animal, therefore it is necessary for the life of a large area.The cage should be specially equipped: to provide reliable bolt enough space to tighten the metal mesh window.The animal is very clever, he can open the lock without difficulty.To him it was not boring, it is possible to provide plastic toys, because the animal likes to play.
