In Russia, are now widely used techniques such standards as, for example, the branch, which is implemented by individual industries and aims to harmonize the requirements and standards that apply to the products.As for the concept of industry, then it is treated all enterprises, as well as various organizations that produce products specific nomenclature, fixed for one or another government agency.
There is also such a thing as anticipatory standardization.Here it is that the rules that are set for the various requirements increase.This is due to the fact that they are assumed to be optimal according to the forecast.That is, a form of standardization is a kind of buoyed element that puts challenges to producers in the future.
Regarding the standardization of certain products, which may include various elements, components, and spare parts, here it establishes standards and requirements not only to the entire unit as a whole, but also to its individual parts.
There is such a thing as a comprehensive standardization.In order to have specific issues its decision, a complex of interrelated rules, not only the system, but also to its individual parts.
methods of standardization may also have certain species, among which there are concepts such as simplification - a simple reduction in the number of brands and used in the manufacture of products.
unification - that is "smart" reducing kinds of objects that have the same functionality.Here, based on the development of nomenclature, which will help using the optimal parameters to solve a full range of tasks in a particular area.It should also be noted that there is both vnutriobektnaya unification created for one object and mezhobektovaya created for a few.There is also a factory unification, which is applicable to a specific company, an industry that covers a specific industry and inter-industry.
Among the varieties of standardization is allocated typing - development and adoption of new employment decisions based on more advanced techniques.There is also meant revision of the relevant documentation on a certain number of companies located in the country.Typing is very widely applicable in the construction industry (refers to buildings that are typical options), machinery (various designs of the base of the sample), processes, activities of the organization, as well as in management.The effectiveness of this method is proved by reducing the time for the production of new products or the construction of new facilities, a marked improvement in the quality of products and so on.
On the concept of methods of standardization applies aggregation - the creation of new units, based on the layout of the finished product a small set of standardized units that can be used interchangeably.The aim of this method can be called to create certain nodes, when connected, can be in various combinations to create various machines.They are something, and then it will be possible to apply in certain areas.
methods of standardization can be calculated with the help of mathematics, applied, economic and technical sciences.They lie in the fact that on this basis developed the range of facilities that are optimally suited to the needs of the economy of the state, to subsequently withdraw the resulting method to a specific form, which will be adopted as a standard.
