Lipids are complex compounds composed of higher fatty acids and esters.They do not dissolve in water, but only in organic solvents.The main functions of fat - structural and regulatory, as well as energy provision.
structural role of lipids is that they form the basis of cell membranes.The regulatory functions of lipids - providing the permeability of membranes and their receptor system, which allows cells to act on catecholamine, acetylcholine, as well as insulin and cytokines.Furthermore, fats provide colloidal state of cell membranes, their fluidity and the activity of certain enzymes, such as cytochrome oxidase, guanylate cyclase ATPase.Detached lipids (BAS), which include the steroid hormones, leukotrienes, and platelet activating factor capable of regulating the operation not only of individual cells, but also of tissues and organs.
functions of lipids include their role in the body's energy, which is used for muscle contraction in the work of the internal organs, especially the kidneys and liver, as well as in nerve processes.
It should be noted that the functions of lipids are closely related to their structure.Their correct qualitative and quantitative composition ensures the functioning of cells and their activity.For example, membrane phospholipids can affect the proteins transporters and ion channels, and changes in their work lead to dysfunction of cells and whole organ.
Fats are vital substances.In addition to these functions, they are also involved in thermoregulation, as poor conductors of heat.That is why the subcutaneous fat base helps the body maintain teplo.Nado also say that body fat is dampening properties, so it is able to protect the internal organs (such as kidneys) from mechanical damage, although its excess can have a negative impact on their work, which oftenobserved with lipid metabolism disorders, such as obesity.
catalytic function of lipids associated with fat-soluble vitamins that are part of many enzymes.Fats are also a source of metabolic water because these substances on oxidation produces water.They also are part of sebum, which prevents excessive dryness of the skin.
Given the important biological role of fat, you need them to be ingested in sufficient quantities.A valuable source of these compounds are the products of animal origin, fish, nuts, vegetable oil, dairy products and egg yolks.
fat metabolism in the human body depends on many factors.In case of violation of one of the links in the metabolism of these substances are developing various pathological conditions and diseases - obesity, wasting, lipodystrophy or lipidoses.In the pathogenesis of development are mainly disorders of digestion and absorption of fat, the violation of their transmembrane transport, as well as metabolic changes within the cells.
These diseases are characterized by specific clinical manifestations, violate the general human condition and require prompt diagnosis and treatment.
