kingdom fungi mycology science studies.The period of its occurrence is considered to be the end of the nineteenth century.
kingdom fungi - is a special form of life that can exist in a wide range of different conditions.It includes a large and very widespread group of natural organisms bearing the signs of both animals and plants.
mushrooms appeared on Earth more than a billion years ago.Gradually, this form of life has become an integral part of all ecosystems on the planet.General characteristics of the kingdom of fungi characterized by a great ecological and biological diversity of species.According to currently available data, there is a planet from one hundred to two hundred and fifty thousand different representatives of this form of life.Scientists have described only five percent of them.
kingdom of fungi exist on land, in air and in water.This form of life in the biosphere of the planet carries one of the most important functions, making the decomposition of various organic substances.Some types of fungi are used in food and economic purposes.They use these organisms and the production of medicines.
Until the emergence of mycology mushrooms attributed to the plant kingdom.Together with bacteria, algae and lichens, they belonged to a lower department.Further study of these groups require to distribute them on the other, a new classification system.
Fungi, unlike plants, lack chlorophyll required for the photosynthesis process.Consequently, similar to animals, this form of living feeds organic matter obtained from the outside.
kingdom fungi justify their selection from a group of plants because of the unique abilities of its constituent organisms.Almost all representatives of this form of life have mycelium or strand system.It is with its help and is absorbed nutrients.The filaments called hyphae of fungi.They need not only for food but also for the establishment of special reproductive fruiting bodies on the surface or inside of which there are disputes.
Mycology classifies different types of mushrooms.Classification of the kingdom is made according to the type of spores and spore-bearing structure of the elements that belong to this form of life.
In nature, there are various sizes mushroom.Their range is from microscopic single-celled forms (yeast) to large specimens having a diameter of the fruiting body of more than fifty centimeters.
In structure representatives of the kingdom of fungi have a wide enough variety.Soil types of these organisms often grow in symbiosis with the roots of the trees forming a mycorrhiza.Mushrooms mineralize organic matter to form humus.Some representative soil life forms contribute to the destruction of the forest floor.Predatory parasitic organisms in plants and animals and capture the small round worms.
kingdom of fungi have a significant impact on the circulation of natural elements.Thanks to the representatives of this form of life, decomposition of plant and animal residues.This complex process is carried pileate fungi belonging to the group of saprophytes.For example, they include many Govorushko.
Some fungi are rich in the enzyme machine that produces biologically active substances.These properties are used in the process of clarification of fruit juices, in the processing of raw materials and roughage, as well as hydrolyzed protein and starch.Mushroom black mold used in manufacturing to produce citric acid.
However, not all members of the benefit.Great harm fungi can cause Forestry disease in trees and causing them to defeat.Also, this form of life can cause a variety of human diseases (dermatitis, scab, ringworm).
