oil issue has always been the most important for the economy of any country.
The history of Russian refineries began since 1745, from the day when the river Ukhta brothers Chumelovymi was founded the first enterprise.At the heart of it lay an ordinary product, but is very important in those days kerosene and other lubricants.
Today Russian oil refining industry is considered one of the most successful.A growing number of enterprises, and small and large, due to the ever-growing income from the processing of "black gold".Best of all, the industry developed in the Central region of the country, as well as in the Tyumen and Chelyabinsk areas.
Russian refineries produce mainly gasoline, kerosene, diesel, missiles, jet fuel, fuel oil, motor oil, bitumen, petroleum coke, etc.The vast majority of them are near the oil rig that enables companies to not spend extra money on the supply of raw materials.After processing, the finished product is sent to the end user.
main objective, which is performed refineries of Russia - it is a deep oil refining.Their production cycle is usually composed of raw material preparation process, the primary oil playout m recyclable fractions that includes catalytic cracking, reforming, coking and hydrotreating of mixing the finished oil.
largest refineries in Russia are located in the Central, Siberian and Volga federal districts, which account for over seventy percent of the capacity of the country.It Gazpromneft-Omsk Refinery and Angarsk, Antipinsky (Tyumen), Afipsky (Krasnodar region), Krasnoleninsky (Khanty-Mansiysk), Ufa (Bashkiria), etc.On the territory of the RF subjects leader in the primary processing of oil is Bashkiria.
oil refinery in Russia mostly appeared in our country after the war: the period up to 1965 was built 16 facilities, more than half of existing today.However, in the period of economic reforms in the 1990s in the industry experienced a significant decline in production.It is not difficult to explain: in those days plummeted domestic oil consumption, resulting in low quality of the product and, therefore, a low coefficient of depth of processing, falling to 67.4 percent.And only in 1999 the Refinery was able to come close to the standards of the United States and Europe.
Only in recent years in this issue is noticeable encouraging trend, a sign of which were significant investments in nefteperabotku that, starting from 2006, exceeded 40 billion rubles.
grew coefficient processing depth, because in 2010, Vladimir Putin issued a decree forbade to connect to those new highways refineries in Russia, in which he did not reach 70%, considering that these companies are in serious need of modernization.The number of mini-refineries in Russia today comes to two hundred and fifty.
And by the end of 2012 plans to build Russia's largest oil refining complex, located at the end of the pipeline passing through the Eastern Siberia to the Pacific Ocean, where the depth of processing of the product will be about 93 percent, which would correspond to the level,achieved on the same US companies.
consolidated in most of the refining industry in our country is under the control of ten large companies such as "Rosneft", "Lukoil", "Bashneft", "Surgutneftegas", "TNK-BP", "Gazprom", etc.
