the map Russia are so many interesting places that know everything about them is simply impossible.Various towns and cities, mountains and rivers.In this same article, we will talk about such a small, but very important and interesting part of the country as Cape Dezhnev.
little history
Before studying information on the Cape, you need a little insight into the history and find out who was its discoverer, and who is the man in whose honor the Cape got its name.Interesting seems that the Cape before 1879 was called simply East.And only in the distant year at the urging of the Swedish polar explorer AE Nordenskiöld it was renamed in honor of the prominent and well-known Russian researcher of Eastern Siberia and North - Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev.Semyon himself lived in the 17th century, was not only a navigator and explorer, but also Cossack chieftain.During his life he was involved in numerous skirmishes and battles, I had about 13 wounded, three of which were very severe.However, this did not stop the traveler.In 1647 he joined the expedition Popov as a collector of tribute.With the same group of friends he went to the east.Many ships were wrecked this journey, but Dezhnev his companions still reached the strait between Asia and America, going around the Chukchi Peninsula on the north side.On the banks of the so-called "Big Nose Chukotka" (it now is Cape Dezhnev) he stopped with his team, was a guest of the Eskimos.His campaign Semyon, in fact, made two huge outdoor geographically:
- show that America is - is completely independent continent, separated by water.
- became clear that from Europe to China, you can reach the northern seas, just going around Siberia.
So there should be no questions about who discovered the Cape Dezhnev.It was very Semyon.But on the Straits, he was named the Bering Sea, t. To. Dezhneva information campaigns in Europe have not been (all of it remained in Yakutsk prison).Therefore, the priority remained the same all-discoverer of the Bering VI.
About
names will be interesting and the information which relates to the names of the Cape.Only since the late 19th century it was called the navigator Dezhnev.In the days of the life of a researcher just called Big Chukchi nose or nose Stone.It was also well known is its name as necessary (ie. E. One that can not be avoided).And in 1778, the English morehodets Cook called it simply the Eastern Cape (as he was known mainly in Europe), which bore the name to rename it in Cape Dezhnev.
Geography
How can you find Cape Dezhnev on the map?Quite simply, it is located in Chukotka and is the easternmost point of the continent.Apart from the fact that it is the extreme eastern continental point of Russia, it is also the extreme eastern point of Eurasia.For the life of the Cape is not too useful, as it is a steep mountain (its height reaches 740 meters), which ends abruptly to the sea.It is located in the Bering Strait, which connects the Chukchi Sea (Arctic Ocean) and the Bering Sea (Pacific).It should also identify and coordinate Cape Dezhnev.This 66 ° 04'45 "with.w.169 ° 39'7 "W.d.
nearest point
very interesting information would be that of Cape Dezhnev (the easternmost point of Eurasia) and Cape Prince of Wales (the extreme western point of North America - Alaska) is only 86 kilometers.And on a clear day you can see here, even the outlines of a continent - North America.
Naukan
Although Cape Dezhnev almost unfit for life, it nevertheless is inhabited settlements.Ten kilometers away is the small village Whalen.At the very same area of Cape village is abandoned whalers Naukan that existed in 18-20 centuries.However, during the Soviet regime, in 1958, the campaign for the removal of the Russian population from the United States, the village was disbanded.Up to this point there were about 400 people, which consisted of about 13 big labor.Today, some families, grandparents, great-grandparents who live in Naukane live far away, in the nearby villages Lorino Chukchi, Whalen, Lawrence and Eskimo villages Sereniki, Uelkar, New Chaplin.The village itself is considered an architectural monument and is protected by the laws of the federation.
Whalen
As mentioned above, a nearby village to Cape Dezhnev - settlement Whalen.Interesting will be the following information: the name of his old - Ulyk 'Chukchi - Pok'ytkyn, Eskimo - Olyka'.Translated all this means "end of the earth", "end of the world", "a place that is flooded with water."It should be said that in the distant past Whalen was Eskimo settlement, however, gradually supplanted the Chukchi Eskimos, occupying residential area near Cape Dezhnev.Today, this village is very independent administrative unit.It has its own administration, agricultural enterprise, a boarding school, a meteorological station, a house of culture, kindergarten, hospital.In addition, quite a variety of outlets.The main classes in the village: sea hunting.Then extract bearded seal, walrus, seals, and more recently China.The same sea creatures then locals and trade.
Flora and fauna
What else rich Cape Dezhnev?So, there is a diverse flora and fauna.Residents of the sea: the bowhead and gray whales, bearded seal, polar cod, sculpin, flounder, saffron cod and Arctic char.Quite often there are animals like wolverine, wolf, fox, arctic fox, polar bear.As for birds, there live white partridges and white owls, crows, merlin and guillemots.
Monuments
understand where is Cape Dezhnev on the map Russia, is also a bit to consider the information about the monuments that are located on the Cape, and not far from it.The first and the main attraction of the Cape - the lighthouse memorial Semyon Dezhnev.It was built in a beautiful quadrangular obelisk.Located at an altitude of about 100 meters above sea level.Nearby is the large ancient cross, which, oddly enough, still looks great.It should also be said that in honor of the navigator Dezhnev were named as the village, the bay, the island and the peninsula.And in Veliky Ustyug in 1972, Semyon was a monument.Now a bit about the sights that lie in the vicinity of Cape Dezhnev:
- Uelen cemetery.It is primarily the most valuable in terms of archeology cemetery.
- Ekven - early Eskimo cemetery, which today is an archaeological monument of federal importance.It is also important from the point of view of archeology.
- most ancient and populous Eskimo settlement, which was later disbanded - Naukan.
About beauty
After all of the above can be said with certainty that a very interesting geographical elements is Cape Dezhnev (photo - the first proof of this).Here are located numerous bird colonies.Here you can also see seals and sea rookery - an entertaining spectacle, especially for people who are not accustomed to this.In the spring here you can even see the polar bears with cubs (visitors remember exactly white cartoon bear Umka with his mother).From time to time very close to the coastline float gray whales and the beautiful orcas.And on a clear day you can see even here the shore entirely different continent - North America.
