The modern territory of continental Europe, there are three fire-breathing mountain: Mount Etna, Sicily, Stromboli and Vesuvius.The latter is located just fifteen kilometers from the city of Naples, Italy.This volcano is part of the Mediterranean mobile belt, which starts in Europe and ends in Indonesia.Its total height - about one thousand two hundred seventy-six meters, the depth of the crater - about three hundred meters, and width - about six meters.Vesuvius hides under a two magma chambers.The first is located at a depth of 3 km, the second - in the 10-15 km.Looking at the volcano with a bird's-eye view, you can see three of the cone: the first - a mountain called the Somme, the second is located inside it, and the third - at the bottom of the crater.The latter also becomes invisible after eruptions.
rich history full of volcanic earthquakes of varying strength.In one thousand six hundred and sixtieth BC known Avellinskoe eruption led to the global climate change on our planet.In the sixty-second year BCseriously damaged by the earthquake of Herculaneum, Pompeii and other cities that were located at the foot of Mount Vesuvius.Many of the settlements were not restored until the end, and finally died in the eruption of the seventy ninth ADThe eyewitness of the disaster became Pliny the Younger, who later described the accident in two famous letters to Cornelius Tacitus, so these things eruption is considered the starting point of reference the history of Vesuvius.
After seventy-ninth ADthe city at the foot of the volcano were like a lunar landscape.The inhabitants of the devastated areas to leave these places unreliable.Later, people began returning to the fertile land located around the volcano.However, it has become for many a fatal mistake: Vesuvius was quiet and kept erupting.In nineteen sixty-third year, the earthquake was so frightening, that volcanic ash reached the Istanbul, which is as much as a thousand three hundred kilometers from Vesuvius.At this time the element took approximately four thousand lives.
Subsequently Vesuvius volcano erupted vigorously in 1794, 1822, 1872 and 1906.Recent releases of lava occurred in nineteen forty-four year.During the eruption of Mount Vesuvius damaged the Italian cities such as Massa and San Sebastiano.
In eighteen hundred and forty first year scientists have created the world's first volcano observatory, designed to observe and study Vesuvius.Each gas emissions, and any vibration volcano recorded the latest sensors, as well as watch them every minute with the satellite.According to experts, "Vesuvius is the most monitored volcano on the planet."
path to the place where the volcano Vesuvius, was hard and long.But despite this, the crater has always attracted the attention of travelers.To facilitate the ascent to the volcano, it was decided to build a ski lift, funicular.For six years, the technical services have been working hard on this challenging project.In 1880 it was completed the construction of the cable car.After 1944 it was replaced by a chair lift prosuschestvovashy for forty years.These days, to climb to the crater of the volcano Mount Vesuvius and see at close range, you just drive the car, and the remaining meters will have no difficulty to overcome on foot in a few minutes.
Today is a wonderful and formidable creation of nature is one of the most visited attractions in Italy.It was only a cloud of smoke from the muzzle of reminiscent of a violent and merciless power that lies in the bowels of the volcano.
