Psychology - a specialized area of science, busy studying origin, manifestations and patterns of evolution of mental activities and processes, all the states, the characteristic properties of humans and animals.
Before proceeding to the consideration of problems of psychology, should define the terminology.By the mental processes include perception, sensation, imagination, memory, thinking.Below them is meant frustration (a condition that occurs when it is impossible to meet the needs), emotions, motivation, etc.Mental properties - a temperament, abilities, character traits.
Definition psychology has developed in ancient Greece.Literally, the concept refers to "knowledge of the soul."
Today, science is exploring a number of different directions.Each of them has its own characteristics, methods, objectives.
General psychology - an area of specific scientific definitions and knowledge, specializing in the study of the development and functioning of the psyche as a whole.
Subject and problems of psychology (general) defines the main, leading the laws of psychic reality.The subject of the psychology of the mind acts, and science itself over time divided into many specialized fields and directions.The most accurate structure of psychology conveys the image of a tree.Trunk or is the basis of his general psychology that studies the characteristics of the adult, the existing, healthy person.This part of science is the foundation for the development of other sections.It gives definitions of basic concepts, studies and identifies common patterns.
conditional branch of the tree are the branches of psychology.A lot of them:
• Where general psychology has faced technical sciences, there was labor psychology and engineering.The object and purpose of this type of psychology focused on the study of the human psyche changes in the production process.They determine the motivation, study the changes that occur during work processes.
• At the junction with the medicine arose several industries.The object and purpose of medical psychology were so diverse that they diverged from a number of more specific sectors: pathopsychology, psychotherapy, medical psychology.
• One of the most important sub-species, resulting in the development of general psychology - pedagogical.The subject of educational psychology - tools, techniques and patterns of learning and knowledge of social and cultural experiences of the people in the learning process.Here you learn the patterns of personal and intellectual development of the child.Educational psychology perceives the child as a subject of learning and teaching, which organizes and arranges teacher, depending on the conditions in which the formation can occur.The study of this process is the main, the main objective of educational psychology.
This science, in turn, split up into several specialized sections.The first - the psychology of educational activities, studies in the unity of the processes of pedagogical activity and training.The second considers the subjects of educational activity, the third - the subjects of educational activities (teachers).The fourth section - the psychology of teaching and teacher cooperation, is a uniting element in the branch of educational psychology.
There are social and military psychology, age and the legal industry, the psychology of art, management, sports, etc.
object and purpose of the psychology of each species are determined by the type of relationship (eg, "man-machine", "man-a work of art," etc.), the subject of psychological activity.
Today, without the knowledge of this science can not do any one side of life.Knowledge of its postulates helps to find the right motivation to educate their children, to maximize efficiency, improve the quality of life.Become a professional in this field can be the end of the faculties of psychology, which are available in many universities of the country.
