in world agriculture, as well as cultivation of crops, spread almost everywhere livestock.At the same meadows and pastures occupy the land in the structure of land three times larger than the arable land.The bulk of the livestock products provide countries in the temperate climate zone.In the first place it is determined by the geography of the world's livestock accommodation conditions of livestock.In this leadership role played in the development of three livestock industry: cattle ranching, as well as pigs and sheep.
There is a big difference in the development of livestock production in developing and developed countries.In developed countries, the volume of livestock farming dominates and it is used for an intensive type of farming.In most developing countries, livestock is a secondary industry, and is being extensively.In developed countries, improved food supply, industrialization and selection in livestock led to the fact that they have achieved tremendous success in its intensity.Consequently, livestock farming is facing them with the same problems, as well as agriculture - there is overproduction.Therefore, governments of such countries have to pursue a policy of containment and reduction of production.
Cattle (in the world of its nearly 1.3 billion heads) gives almost all the production of milk and a third of the production of meat.The most typical of dairy direction for the densely populated areas of North America and Europe, which are in the forest and steppe zones of the temperate zone.Meat and dairy cattle is common not only in those areas where there is intensive agriculture, but also in the more arid areas where much less manpower.Beef cattle got its preferential development in arid regions of subtropical and temperate zones.Such reasons for the spread of certain livestock industries are defined not only climatic conditions but also by the presence of fodder for livestock production.
most dynamic livestock industry in modern times is a pig.In the world there are now more than 800 million head of pigs.Advances in the development of pig production have led to the fact that the price of pork is less than the cost of beef.It is important that the pig is possible not only in areas where livestock grazing is done, but is often carried out year-round in the stalls with imported feed and food industry wastes.However, grazing of pigs at a sufficient area of land spread out slightly due to the fact that in these areas is much more profitable to develop the livestock industry, such as the breeding of cattle and sheep.Besides pig is virtually absent in the Muslim world for religious reasons.
usually pig is closer to populated areas and to areas where intensive development of potato and other industries growing feed products.Almost half of the total number of pigs in the world falls on Asian countries, primarily China.Other livestock industry, particularly sheep, is also prevalent in areas where there is extensive grazing.In the areas where the climate is more arid and semi-arid, and on the pastures often being fine-wool sheep.In areas where a mild climate and they are better supplied with moisture prevails mjasosherstnyh sheep.The world's largest habitat of sheep - is a semi-desert and steppe regions of Australia.
