in science, technology and industry used standardized terminology and definitions relating to occupational safety.They are set by GOST 12.0.002-80.Standard currently operates in the wording of 1980 and re-released with a change number 1 in November 1990.Along with other terms, it provides two separate definitions: harmful and dangerous production factors.First - these are the factors in the impact of which, under certain circumstances, the employee works may have the disease or be a negative influence on the health of his offspring, as well as reduced performance.Dangerous - these are the factors that, under certain conditions lead to acute poisoning, trauma, sharp and sudden deterioration of the health and sometimes death.
labor law, every employer is obliged to create safe working conditions and to organize the production control implementation of occupational safety requirements.Exposure of employees to staff the harmful factors of production should be regulated in the limits and do not exceed the allowable values.According to the articles of the Labour Code, the employer must make an assessment of the state of working conditions and to organize the certification of workplaces, identify risks, develop measures to minimize them and to organize in accordance with the regulations of the real improvement.Occupational hazards lists and classifies the GOST 12.0.003-74.They are divided into four groups: chemical, biological, physical and physiological.
In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation № 302 from 12.04.2011 years (previously in force Order number 90 1996 canceled), introduced the updated lists of harmful and dangerous factors and jobs, for which must necessarily be carried out primary and periodicmedical examinations or inspections.In addition, the order of their conduct.These documents are drawn up in accordance with the articles of the Labour Code.Periodic medical examinations and inspections are always carried out only at the expense of the employer and in accordance with the statement of work, detailed for each structural unit.Also, the organization specified intervals compiled lists of names of employees and the list describing the hazards for each individual employee.
Health Centers together with occupational health services determines the frequency and volume (medical specialists, as well as laboratory and functional studies) Medical periodic inspection, thus considered harmful factors of the working environment for the employee.After preparing all the documents head of the organization (company, company, institution, etc.) issued an order on the timing and modalities of the medical examination, taking into account the characteristics of each structural unit.This document is communicated to all employees, and in time they have to get an opinion on the results of a medical examination.Only with the commission's conclusions on the validity of an employee can be admitted and begin work.Otherwise (if you want to eliminate the influence of specific factors) an employee is suspended from work and service personnel management addressed the issue of his future employment.If an employee has violated the order and without a valid reason is not passed in a timely medical examination, although it is part of his duties (Article 214 of the LC RF), it is also suspended from work, and the employment contract by the employer may be terminated.
for all applicants to work well by the employer organizes the preliminary medical examination.In this case, account must be taken harmful production factors that characterize this certified OSH workplace, fixed in the employment contract between the employee and the employer.In the absence of a positive conclusion on the medical fitness for work in these production conditions, is entitled to a denial of employment.
