With pure species is of great use today in aquaculture and fish-hybrid.It is of great value because of their activity in search of food, the rapid growth and resistance to many diseases.
Hybridization fish
In nature sometimes takes crossing different species of fish naturally.However, these hybrids do not have the necessary human qualities.The ongoing work of scientists and breeders to meet certain rules yields new species of fish, which have many advantages over the pure species.
first objects crossing were mainly representatives of the carp family, and then there was a fish - a hybrid of beluga from sturgeon, sturgeon, and so on. D.
value hybridization
In recent years, due to increased hydro, a change in the water regime of the riversthat reduces the populations of certain fish, especially sturgeon.In this situation, the hybridization is of great importance for the conservation of the most valuable species.The resulting hybrid breeding sturgeon have higher vitality and rapid growth.This makes them profitable industrial farming, allowing the fish to get the highest quality already after 2-3 growing seasons.
create new breeds are hardy and productive so that they can be used for fish farming in these waters, the terms of which can not be called favorable to the pure species of fish.They are much better adapted to the new circumstances.For example, the mirror carp and Amur carp in crosses yielded offspring having a high winter hardiness.The fact that hybrids fat accumulates very intensive, so the cold transferred by them is much easier.Due to the rapid growth to the onset of winter, they have significantly grow and meet its already consolidated.Fish-hybrid, unlike pure form, can live and grow in reservoirs located far north.
Common carp hybrids
greatest interest is the hybrid carp and crucian carp.This fish is much hardier and less susceptible to disease than carp grows faster and is very tasty fillet, which is comparable to the quality of fish fillets pure species.
goldfish spawning period coincides c breeding other fish.This usually happens in May and June.At this time, often there is a natural crossing of crucian carp.Only the so obtained new forms do not possess the required qualities.
hybrid carp and carp Dnieper created for the purpose of breeding fish in the rice fields, the depth of which is insufficient for the common carp, with a high back.The offspring inherited low back carp, and living conditions in the rice fields for them were quite favorable.Hybrid carp and carp are also more adapted to life in the northern regions as eggs and fry them have inherited from carp resistance to low temperatures.
In rural water bodies due to the high fertility of the most common hybrid carp.It often replaces carp and other fish.
Hybrids of sturgeon
very high viability showed a hybrid bred by breeders in 1950 by crossing starlet sturgeon.About 180 kg of his weight had reached 10 months.
Beluga, being the biggest fish of the sturgeon, sturgeon and how the smallest possible to obtain a new type named Bester.He who has the structural features of the body and the weight of the fish sturgeon hybrid can be grown quite successfully in freshwater.For the first time this kind was obtained in Russia in 1952 and launched in the proletarian Reservoir and the Sea of Azov.Bester got many of the best qualities of the beluga and starlet from his inherited a very tasty and nutritious meat.By age three, this hybrid reaches a weight of 3 kg.
many reservoirs, which gradually communicating sturgeon species have disappeared, thanks to a new form of hybridization obtained from fish mating tongue and stellate sturgeon.This hybrid weighing up to 30 kg matures much faster than the parental forms.Youngsters on the viability exceed all other sturgeon species.Today the fish-hybrid on the middle Volga grown in many fisheries.
hybridization conditions sturgeon
for successful cultivation of hybrid sturgeon required to comply with certain conditions.These fish do not like shallow water, so depth must be significant.Also, do not be in too much water, vegetation, especially undesirable filaria, which sometimes overgrown ponds as fish can become entangled in it.Ponds with muddy bottoms are not suitable for sturgeons, because they are usually fed to the bottom surface.
to eliminate competition in the food, it is recommended to breed sturgeon with herbivorous species, such as eg silver carp and grass carp.Fish hybrid should be distributed on the water bodies, taking into account the size and age, because they often eat the young adult specimens.
Disadvantages hybridization
Growing hybrids requires favorable conditions.The slightest deviation from these requirements may lead to defects in the structure of the skull and gill cover.When malnutrition when fish habitats in ponds with muddy bottoms there are various flaws and many other indicators.
is important and a way of crossing.For example, when the fertilized eggs of common carp carp milt, achieved good results in hybrid hardiness.But when the interbreeding produced, fertilizing the eggs of carp, such properties can not be achieved.
