Students often ask the question: "What parts of speech in the Russian language?".Respond to him clearly it is hardly possible: there are different schools that are based on different approaches, allocate a different number of these categories.For example, the morphological approach, AKPolivanova - NNDurnovo allows you to name six.AMPeshkovski allocates five.
general linguists believe that the question of the number of parts of speech is eternal.The more scientists are immersed in learning the language, the more often they ask themselves the question: "What kind of signs should be fundamental to the classification of these categories?".There are many theories, but none of them is certain.
The most common is the classification, based on morphological and syntactic parameters.It is accepted as a basis for exploring the language school.The Faculty of Philology study all approaches to this issue, get acquainted with all the linguistic works dedicated to him.The curriculum of the speech in the Russian language are determined based on their morphological, grammatical, syntactic roles.These parameters are the basis of the classification.
All parts of speech of the Russian language are divided into classes.Allocate:
• remarkable (independent) parts of speech;
• service;
• interjections.
themselves (they are called notional) parts of speech in the Russian language is characterized by its own value, permanent / non-permanent grammatical features.They respond to specific questions, are communicative load, t. E. Are used to transmit information.This category includes all the parts of speech, except for official words and interjections.
to the service are the words that have nominative values are not independent in the lexical terms.Their task - to express the semantic and syntactic relationship between the momentous words, members or parts of the sentence.These grammatical language means include unions, prepositions, particles.The latter is necessary to change the message tone or formation of multiple forms of expression.
Service (neznamenatelnye) parts of speech in the Russian language are used much more often significant, because they are much smaller.
Finally, there are interjections.They are only used to transmit emotions or feelings are for onomatopoeia, have neither their own signs or their own values.There are actually interjections (Oh! Oh! Oh! Opa!) Slovopodrazhaniya (bow-wow! Crowing!), Substantivized (who came from other places) words or entire phrase (Wow! Wah! Nightmare! Father!).
Significant parts of speech in the Russian language are divided into nominal and verbal.
Registered:
• Noun.(Mother, father, krovinushka, Orgy, lots, quiet, etc.).Their constant characteristics: gender, independent of his decline, and animate / inanimate objects.For non-permanent features include: number (singular, plural), the ability to change on cases.
• Adjective (red, strong, courageous, etc.).Indicate feature of an object are the only permanent feature: can be either qualitative or relative, or possessive.
• The numeral.Indicates the number or the number of the account.Depending on this can be quantitative (five, three hundred and forty) or serial (second, eight hundredth).
• adverb.It is necessary for the transmission of a characteristic or state action (far, far away, long, etc.).Has no unstable characteristics is not changed.
• pronoun.Own does not matter, but may be used in place of any name (the part of speech, its designating).(I, somehow, someone, somebody, anybody, etc.).Bits pronouns constant.
Linguists believe that the verb part of speech in the Russian language can be submitted directly to the verbs and their forms: participles, gerunds.Some philological schools consider these categories independent (independent) parts of speech, others consider them a separate, special verb forms.
• The verb denotes action (run, sing, paint).His constant signs - form (sing-sing), repayment (washed-washed), transition (the ability / inability to combine with a noun in the accusative), conjugation.
• Communion.It may be either actual (run, dyeing, drawing) or passive (painted, pronounced).
• gerundive.This is a sign characteristic.It does not change, always refers to the predicate because it refers to its additional action (or feature).(I go singing. He was running, jumping.)
