it is not a formal legal institution and was not tied to the state or the church.Platonic Academy in Florence - voluntary community of free people, formed from different backgrounds, with different professions who came from different places, who are in love Plato, Platonism, Filosofia Perennis.
flocked and spiritual representatives (bishops and canons), and secular persons, poets, painters, architects, and Republican governors and so-called businessmen of the era.
Platonic Academy in Florence (picture shown below) performed some fraternity versatile talented individuals, who later became famous.These include: Marsilio Ficino, Cristoforo Landino, Angelo Poliziano, Michelangelo Buonarotti, Pico de la Mirandola, Lorenzo the Magnificent, Francesco Catania, Botticelli and others.
So, in this article we will go directly to the brotherhood of geniuses, which receivedthe name "Platonic Academy in Florence" (leader - Ficino).
BACKGROUND its inception
impulse to revival brewing for quite some time.Despite the fact that the temporary borders of that era considered to XII - mid-XVII centuries. Still its climax, the apotheosis falls on XV -XVI centuries.Centre was Italy, more precisely, Florence.
At that time she was in the very depths of European secular and cultural life.It is there that came from Germany in order to study art and science.In Paris, the innovations of Florence attracts the attention of professors at the Sorbonne, who regard them almost as a "new gospel".
important role played by the city in the period under review, described by R. Marseille.He believed that it is necessary to recognize the lack of conditions for the revival of this kind anywhere else.It Florence - as a center of humanism, the focus of the world - could draw without exception wealth of the human spirit.It was a place where gather the most precious manuscripts, where they could meet the outstanding scholars.In addition, Florence identified them with a giant art workshop, where everyone makes available talent.
Thus, no questions remain about why exactly Platonic Academy in Florence, whose leader - Ficino, showed the world the unique genius, his works have made an incomparable contribution to a variety of areas of our lives.
Athens West
so called Florence of the fact that after the conquest of Constantinople by the Turks flocked to the cultural and spiritual riches of the ancient world.From a single "stem mystical" appeared as a unique phenomenon in the history of culture of Italy and Europe as a whole, called "Platonic Academy in Florence."Ficino - Platonic philosopher - led by it.Another name for the Academy - "Plato's family," she had, though short, but quite brilliant in its history.Significantly helped this famous rulers of Florence - Cosimo de 'Medici and his grandson Lorenzo.
Brief History of "Platonic family»
Platonic Academy in Florence was founded in 1470 by Cosimo above.The peak of prosperity falls on the reign of his grandson Lorenzo de 'Medici, the protruding member.Despite the brief flowering of the academy (10 years), it has had a significant impact on the culture and the idea of Europe.Platonic Academy in Florence, inspired by the most famous thinkers, artists, philosophers, scientists, politicians, poets of his era.It was not just a meeting place highly spiritual, talented and smart people.It's safe to say that the Platonic Academy in Florence - a brotherhood of like-minded associations criterion which is the dream of a new, better world, man, the future, so to speak, a golden age, a worthy attempt of revival.Many call it filosofirovaniem, and sometimes even a way of life.The specific state of mind, soul ...
Platonic Academy in Florence, where the ideological leader - Ficino, creates a new spiritual climate, making were developed, deployed model (the idea) is still recognized by the main ideas of the era.Heritage, left "Plato's family" is enormous.Platonic Academy in Florence - support what is called the myth of the Renaissance.We can say that her story - the story of a great dream.
Platonic Academy in Florence M. Ficino
He was a philosopher, and a scientist and a theologian and an outstanding thinker of the Renaissance, which had a significant impact on the evolution of the philosophy of XVII - XVIII centuries.
Marsilio was born near Florence (19.10.1433 g).He studied Latin and Greek language, medicine, and philosophy.Early on he became interested in Plato (his school).The patronage of Cosimo de 'Medici and his successors played a significant role in the fact that Ficino devoted himself just scientific knowledge.
In 1462 he was recognized as a thought leader of the Platonic Academy in Florence, and in 1473 became a priest, he held several church positions of high rank.His life was interrupted in Careggi, near Florence (10/01/1499).
Honored work
Marsilio Ficino belong incomparable translations into Latin Plato and Plotinus.Their complete collections in Western Europe (published in 1484/1492 gg.) Were in high demand until the XVIII century.
He also translated and other Neoplatonists such as Iamblichus, Porphyry, Proclus Photiki etc., The Hermetic treatises set.Popular were his outstanding commentary on the works of Plato and Plotinian, and one of them (Plato's dialogue entitled "The Feast") became the source of a large number of arguments about love among the thinkers, writers and poets of the Renaissance.
According Marsilio, Plato regarded love as a spiritual relationship between so-called human beings, which is based on their original inner love for the Lord.
Platonic theology of the immortality of the soul
This is a major philosophical work Ficino (1469-74 gg., 1st edition - 1482).It is a metaphysical treatise (sophisticated), where the teaching of Plato, his followers presented in accordance with the existing Christian theology.This work (vysokosistematicheskoe work is Platonism for all the Italian Renaissance) brings the whole universe to five fundamental principles, namely:
- God;
- heavenly spirit;
- centered rational soul;
- quality;
- body.
main theme of the treatise - the immortality of the human soul.Ficino believed that the task of the soul - contemplation, which concludes a direct beholding God, however, because of a rare achieve this goal within the framework of the Earth, its future life should be taken as a postulate, where it reaches its destination.
famous works of Ficino in religion, medicine and astrology
widespread popularity was such a treatise as "The Book of the Christian Religion" (1474).Correspondence Marsilio - a rich source of historical, biographical information.Most of the letters are in fact philosophical treatises.
If we consider other activities that focus on medicine, astrology, we can distinguish the "Three Books of Life" (1489).Marsilio Ficino - one of the leading thinkers of the emerging Renaissance, important representatives of Renaissance Platonism.
perception of God from the perspective of Ficino
According to Erwin Panofsky, his system is somewhere between scholasticism (God as the transcendence of the finite universe) and the latest theories pantheistic (God - the identity of the infinite world).Like Plotinus, he understands the Lord as One ineffable.His perception of God comes down to the fact that the Lord uniformity vseobrazen.He - the reality, but not primitive movement.
According to Ficino, God created the world, "thought himself" because within it there, to think, to desire - all the same.Lord - not in the universe, which has no boundaries, and therefore infinite.But God is at the same time there due to the fact that he fills it, while not itself being filled, as it is the very completion.Marsilio writes in one of his dialogues.
Ficino: the last years of his life
In the 1480-90 biennium.Marsilio continues to study the "philosophy of the pious."It translates into Latin and commented Plotinian "Ennead" (1484-90 gg., Published in 1492), porfiriyskie works and Iamblichus, the Areopagite, Proclus (1490-92 gg.), And other Psellos.
It shows a strong interest in an area such as astrology.In 1489 Ficino publishes medical and astrological treatise called "On life", and then brewing conflict with church dignitaries of the Catholic Church, more precisely, to Pope Innocent VIII.And only serious protection Ficino rescues from accusations of heresy.
Then in 1492 Marsilio wrote a treatise titled "On the sun and light", which is published in 1493, and the following year finishes to the interpretation of Plato's dialogues.Ended the life of the leader of "Platonovkoy family" for commenting on the work, "Romans" (Paul).
Platonic Academy in Florence: Landino
He was a professor of rhetoric.Even in his youth Cristoforo manifested itself in a poetic contest (1441).Landino was a friend and advisor to Ficino.Cristoforo recognized as the first of the famous commentator of Virgil, Dante, Horace.Immediately he makes the great Dante, thanks to him, the world will know about another dream (care) Academy: rehabilitate this poet, to do everything so that people recognized him as one of the incomparable poets, geniuses, who is worthy of veneration in the same way as Virgil,other creators of the ancient world.
Cristoforo writes a series of talks in the Platonic Academy, which is why they have come down to our times.
Landino its outstanding treatises brings an incomparable contribution to issues such as "the ratio of the active life with the contemplative life" - the first of the main issues that were actively discussed by philosophers of the Renaissance.
Finally it is worth recalling that the article was considered an outstanding community-minded Renaissance, known as the Platonic Academy in Florence (Thought Leader - Marsilio Ficino).
