with the question "What is phonetics?" Sooner or later faces any educated modern man.Why is that?Well, firstly, the sciences of phonetics and phonology superficially studied in secondary schools (depth - in special), because it is within the walls of educational institutions are starting to teach students the correct pronunciation of sounds.
Secondly, often the question "What is phonetics at all?" We ask the teachers hardly enrolling in the now popular foreign language courses.
I will try to answer this question in great detail, but at the same time in a simple and understandable manner.For convenience, the article will be divided into several parts.
1. Phonetics and phonology - sections of modern linguistics
in modern linguistics sound aspect of language is usually considered in two main aspects: acoustic-articular (in terms of phonetics) and functional (in terms of phonology).The unit is the sound phonetics, phonology - the phoneme.
phonetic aspect involves the study of sounds with acoustic-articulatory position, ieIt answers the question of how sounds are formed and how to interact with the speech organs in the process of speaking.
Speech sounds linguists define as the minimum unit of the speech chain, which are the result of a complex articulation of human activities.They are also characterized by a certain acoustic and perceptual (related to speech perception) properties.Phonological aspect of linguistic studies towards the phonemes and determines what function it performs in the communication process.
2. What is phonetics?Main sections of science
Phonetics - is the study of the sound aspect of language.But it is not just the teaching of sound, as is commonly believed.Phonetics and intonation still considering, stress, syllables and pauses.But the main subject of investigation are nevertheless published human sounds, ways of their formation and acoustic properties of sound patterns change and the role of sounds in the language as a means of communication.
basic unit of phonetics, delaminate from sounding speech, called linear (segment).These include:
- sound;
- syllable;
- cycle;
- phonetic word;
- phrase.
But there supersegmentnye: stress, pause, intonation.They make out already sounding speech, helping to make it more expressive.
3. Phonetics and orthoepy
Under Orthoepy should understand the doctrine of the norms of speech, of the special rules that apply not only to the pronunciation of individual sounds, and combinations thereof.Science also affects patterns in the production of stress.
pronouncing called norm pronunciation variants, which is possible only in the word.It meets as a system of pronunciation and the basic laws of a particular language.
pronouncing rules include phonetic system of the language, namely the composition distinguished in the modern language phonemes, their quality and the changes taking place in certain phonetic positions.Orthoepy also covers the pronunciation of certain grammatical forms.
should pay attention to the fact that this science does not cover, for example, such an important aspect of oral speech as diction.Many believe that, say, stuttering burr, and are also the separate branches of linguistics.This is misleading.Problems diction considering medicine.Why is that?Because a person can theoretically have a perfect diction, but at the same time is absolutely not possess literary pronunciation.
I think I was able to answer this in the very beginning of the article the question of what phonology, and at the same time I was able to explain and to prove to readers that one can not exist without the knowledge of the language.Without it certainly would stop the development of any society, the arts, technology and science.The ability to express ideas vividly, clearly and precisely not given by nature, is an acquired skill, which has to learn for a long time, patiently and persistently.Language learning helps those who want to write and speak better, because in order to express thoughts, it is important to know when to pick up the most necessary and precise words.
