"Kuznetsky Alatau" - a nature reserve, which is stored and studied flora and fauna of the Kemerovo region.The nature of these unique places.For information on the location of the reserve and its inhabitants can be found in this article.
Location
National Park is located in the southern part of central Siberia, on the west slope of the ridge Kuznetsky Alatau, in the highest part of the territory of Mezhdurechensk, Novokuznetsk and the Kemerovo region Tisulsky areas.
Ridge Kuznetsky Alatau occupies about a third of the Kemerovo region.It is a medium-altitude mountains, dissected by deep river valleys.In the southern part of the Kuznetsky Alatau there is the greatest division in the area of ranges, which are at the source of the river Usa, Middle and Upper Tersey, White and Black Yus.To the east is limited Minusinskaya Reserve, and to the west - the Kuznetsk Basin.In the north of Kuznetsky Alatau has no clear border in the south it abuts the Abakan Range West Sayan.
History
process devices and the creation of "Kuznetsky Alatau" lasted for about ten years.The main argument for opening the reserve was the problem of biodiversity and water resources of the Kemerovo region.In 1989, December 27, the Government of the Russian Federation issued a decree number 385 on the establishment of the reserve.Four years later, in 1993, September 28, the Small Council of the Kemerovo Oblast Council of People's Deputies made a decision №213 on approval of the boundaries of the reserve and the buffer zone on the adjacent territory.In 1995, 22 August, the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Khakassia endorsed the buffer zone the size of a natural reserve in the amount of 8,000 hectares.In 1996, 4 October, the director of "Kuznetsky Alatau" Vasil was appointed Alexey.
Even after the formal establishment of an area of the reserve has been reduced from 455 thousand. Ha to 412.9 thousand. Ha in connection with the forest inventory of the Siberian expedition Glavohoty RSFSR.
Climatic conditions
Climate Reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau", photos of which can be seen in this article, has been studied is very uneven.At low temperature of air in the cold season has the highest average wind speed.This is especially noticeable in the transitional seasons.In autumn and spring is much more likely to have winds blowing at a speed of 10-15 meters per second.On the tops of the mountains air velocity exceeds 25-30 meters per second, and in some cases up to 60-70 meters per second.Hurricane-force winds are in the warm season, in the summer of their speed reaches 30-34 meters per second.In most cases, the warmest month - July.In August and June, the air temperature is about the same.
Mammals
in Kuznetsky Alatau inhabits 65 species of mammals, including five species of ungulates, thirteen - predators, three - lagomorphs, twenty-four - rodents, nine - bat and eleven - insectivores.Basically, the fauna of the reserve is represented by the taiga forms: gray-sided vole, chipmunk, Altai mole, shrew tiny and so on.There are also elk, wolf, fox, brown bear, otter, badger, red and common vole.Thus, Kuznetsky Alatau mountains are the habitat of depleted complex mammals characteristic of the Altai-Sayan region.
Natural features
The main feature of the reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau" is the height of the snow cover, exclusive to the region of Siberia.On average, in the territory of the protected area it reaches three to five meters, and in the intermountain basins and puffing - ten to fifteen meters.Therefore, the reserve formed excellent feeding conditions for cloven-hoofed animals, especially reindeer and bear drilling.High snow cover also prevents freezing of the soil in the landscapes of the Kuznetsk Alatau, which ensures a successful winter otter, mink, muskrat, beaver and moles.However, the fauna of mammals is constantly at risk of destruction, as in the most densely populated region of Siberia - Kuzbass - thriving illegal hunting.Particularly affected are the nomadic species: red deer, elk, deer.Their numbers in the reserve is low.
bird fauna
«Kuznetsky Alatau" - reserve, which is home to 273 species of birds.Widely distributed throughout the protected area rare species of birds such as the black stork.In Lower Tesi found nesting ospreys.The reserve is inhabited by golden eagles and peregrine.In the subalpine zone can be found Saker, and sparse forests - Merlin and crested osoeda.
in the lower and middle parts of the river inhabited by an eagle-dwarf.Recently rarer hawk owl, Ural owl, long-eared owl, Scops Owl, pygmy owl and the owl.In Kuznetsky Alatau there are 41 species of rare and little-known birds.Sedentary typical taiga residents are different kinds of woodpeckers, black woodpecker, long-tailed tit, Black-and willow tit, nuthatch, Siberian Jay, jay, nutcracker, wood grouse.
In the vicinity of the mountain rivers inhabited by Merganser and the quiet creeks and oxbow lakes nest Garganey, Pintail, Mallard and killer whales.Forest and mountain lakes are found tufted duck, hawk-nosed scoter and Gogol.The most numerous representatives of the predatory species of birds here is the black kite.The fir and pine woodland blackbirds found: singing, rhetorician, pale, and Siberian mountain ash.In these places also home Harrier, brown warbler and Bluethroat.
fauna fish and amphibians
Reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau" on the map where many rivers and lakes, is home to 13 species of fish.In mountain rivers meets the Siberian grayling and trout, and flax.The number of fish that are found in lakes in the reserve is relatively small.Only in the upper reaches of the cues you can catch burbot, perch, pike and shipovku common.There are abundant live podkamenschik pestronogy, Siberian loach, gudgeon, dace and minnow river.The source of the river Average Tes poorly studied and found an extremely rare species of amphibians - Siberian lamprey.
Kuznetsky Alatau is home to five species of amphibians, but in the nature reserve inhabited by only two: moor frog and toad gray.There are two types of reptiles found: adder and lizard viviparous.
Flora
The reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau" found 618 vascular higher plants, it is assumed that in this region grows even 943 species of grasses, shrubs and trees.A significant part of the reserve is covered with taiga mountain forests of spruce, fir and Siberian pine, on the eastern slopes gives way to larch and pine thickets.The vegetation cover is represented by all kinds of high-altitude zones: alpine tundra, alpine meadows, black taiga, steppe and forest steppe zones.In the reserve there are many rare plants: lady's slipper, pink rhodiola, RHAPONTICUM CARTHAMOIDES and others.
Conclusion
little studied expanses Ridge Kuznetsky Alatau.Mezhdurechensk - a town in the Kemerovo region, which houses the office of State Organization "National Park" Kuznetsk Alatau "."There are carried out studies on the ecosystem of this area, take measures to protect flora and fauna from the harmful effects of human activities, and organizes cultural and educational activities.It is a difficult thing it is necessary to save the mother nature in its purest form.
