Central Russia - it is a huge complex of inter-district.Traditionally, this term refers to the territory gravitating toward Moscow, which was formed by Moscow, and later the Russian state.
General help
History of Central Russia, which is the core of our country, it began with the formation of Muscovy in the XIII-XV centuries, due to the unification of disparate fiefdoms.In the cities, the region is full of architectural, historical and literary monuments and museums.All over the country and even abroad widely known Golden Ring - ancient cities of Central Russia: Sergiev Posad, Rostov and Pereslavl, Kostroma, Suzdal, Yaroslavl, Vladimir, Ivanovo, hierarchy, Gus Crystal, Gorokhovets, Kalyazin, Kideksha, Moore,Palekh, and others. The Golden Ring covers areas such as Moscow, Yaroslavl, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kostroma.The ancient cities of Central Russia are known for their extraordinary arts and crafts.For example, Fedoskino, Palekh Kholui and famous lacquer miniature, Gzhel - ceramics, Zhostovo - painted trays, Abramtsevo - wood carvings, Khotkovo - carved bone, pos.Mstera - lacquer miniatures and ruching, pos.Red-on-Volga - jewelry made of copper, brass, silver, Rostov - enamel (miniature painting on enamel).
Milestones
The formation of this region have affected the historical development and economic and geographical position.The central part of Russia located in the valleys and watersheds of the Dnieper, Oka, Volga and Western Dvina, she had a very favorable position during the formation of the state.Thanks river routes to communicate with suburbs, as well as with neighboring countries.Central region of Russia - this is the main focus of national culture, hence the settlement of the Russian people in other areas.
In the early stages of development of the population is widely used local natural resources such as iron ore, coal, timber, limestone, sand, salt, clay, peat and others.It originated ferrous metallurgy and metalworking, woodworking, salt production, ceramic and glass, textile, leather and footwear industry.In Soviet times, the region has built three hydroelectric power stations on the Volga and in Sergiev Posad was built Pumped Storage Power Station.In addition, in the fifties of the last century in the Kaluga region began operating the world's first nuclear power plant, and after 20-30 years, the central part of Russia won two more nuclear power plants - in the Tver and Smolensk regions.
population of the region
Central District of Russia - is a territory where they formed the core of the Russian people.And today is dominated by Russian population.And only in the eastern part, in the Volga-Vyatka region, the Chuvash live, Mordvinians, Mari.According to the census conducted in 2002, the region has just over 38 million people.Among them: Russian - 34 million (91%), Ukrainians - 756 000 (1.99%), Tatars - 288 000 (0.77%), Armenians - 249,000 (0.66%), Belarusians - 186 000 (0.49%), Azerbaijanis - 161 000 (0.43%), and Jews - 103,000 (0.27%).The rest of the ethnic make up less than 0.2%.
center of political and economic life of Russia
main features of the modern economy of the region were influenced by the following factors: the role of its constituent regions as the main design, teaching and research bases of the country;availability of qualified personnel;favorable economic and geographical position;highly developed transport links;energy produced in power plants of various types;the use of imported raw materials;forming and other metallurgical base.Today, Central Russia specializes in manufacturing complex products that requires scientific research and skilled labor.The main branches of specialization are engineering, metallurgy, light and chemical industries.Not least important is the scientific and technical services, and science and higher education, art and culture.In recent years - tourist and excursion activity.Feature
economic regions
Central Russia includes in its membership the following economic regions: the Volga-Vyatka, Central Black Earth and Central.Consider the economic and geographical characteristics of each.This will help to understand their role in the scale not only of the region but also the whole country.
Volga-Vyatka district
The structure of this area consists of the following areas of central Russia: Nizhny Novgorod and Kirov, as well as the Republic: Chuvashia, Mordovia and Mari El.Its area is 263,000 square kilometers.Volga-Vyatka region stretches in the European part of our country, in the basins of the Volga and Vyatka.The geographical position at the crossroads of major railroads and waterways connecting the center with the Volga region, the Urals, North-West, creating perfect conditions for the development of the economy.The climate is temperate continental.The whole territory is covered by forests.The main specialization of the area - it is engineering.In addition, well-developed forest and chemical industry.To this day preserved and developed ancient artisanal crafts such as Khokhloma painting.
Central Black Earth region
The structure of this area consists of Belgorod, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Tambov and Kursk region.It is characterized by convenient transportation and geographic location.Its area is 107,000 square kilometers.The presence of relatively large deposits of iron ore and cement raw materials, as well as a significant reserve of workers contribute to the development of various branches of both industry and agriculture.The climate is temperate continental, natural areas - the steppe and forest steppe, mainly flat terrain.In this area are concentrated huge massifs of black earth, but most of the areas experiencing shortage of water resources.
main specialization is defined metallurgical, chemical, engineering and food industries, as well as agricultural development.
Central District
The composition of this area are: Bryansk, Vladimir, Kaluga, Kostroma, Ivanovo, Moscow, Orel, Smolensk, Tver, Ryazan, Yaroslavl and Tula region.Economic and geographic location - central, so advantageous in transport and in other ways.The area is a major cultural center.He is not rich in natural resources.As a result, the industry operates largely on imported raw materials.There are reserves of phosphorite, peat, lignite, limestone and sand.The main specialization - it is a complex issue, an intangible product that requires scientific research and skilled labor.The main industries are chemical, light and printing industries and diversified engineering.
Nature region
nature of this region is very diverse - from the dense pine forests to the steppes.In the north-eastern part of the region there are large amounts of deposits of boulders and clay loams.They appeared in the movement of the glacier.After his retreat from the territory of the left bank of the Oka River to Moscow turned out to be very swampy.This landscape is called Meshchersky lowland.Here, lush pine forests grow.On the territory of Central Russia are several lakes: Chuhlomskoe, Nero, Plescheevo and Galich.Along these ponds formed fertile land, generously fertilized with sludge.In addition to wetlands, the area is flood-free elevations: Suzdal, and Murom JuR'EVSKIJj.In the northwest of the region dates back to the Volga River, which is characterized by extensive floods, as a result of a tenth of the Tver Region marshes cover.Water is collected in these lowlands, long time can not find a way out.Bryansk region has long been famous for its lush forests.The southern part of the region consists mainly of steppes.
Conclusion To summarize, it should be noted that Central Russia is a vast complex of inter-district, having the conditions for the creation and development of the national economy.It features the region favorable economic and geographical position in the center of the European part of Russia.However, the Central Russia and has serious drawbacks - it is landlocked and low amounts of natural resources.But they are compensated by the proximity to the largest industrial region - Volga Federal District, as well as resource-rich area - European North.In addition, Central Russia coexists with economic partners - Belarus and Ukraine.
This region is the most populated and developed in the Russian Federation.Central District of Russia is the most highly urbanized in the country.Although the share of the urban population (80%), it concedes the Northwest, but the level of concentration of residents in major cities and urban areas it is the first in the whole country.
