In 1703 Peter founded St. Petersburg.In just nine years, he became the capital of the state.The main city of the country with the direct involvement of its patron begins to actively populated and equip with modern conveniences.One of the first on the banks of the Neva moved relative of the king of Field Marshal Count Boris Sheremetev.He was under the building of the estate has been the lot №34 on the Fontanka embankment.
first stone buildings in the estate
plot on the one hand limited the Fontanka River, on the other - Foundry Avenue.On the construction of the family estate Earl and his family were placed on Million street.On the site over time, the wooden house and office wing.New Manor was destined to become the family nest Sheremetievs.In place of a wooden house in the 1730s it was built one-storey stone palace.In the years 1750-1755 is built the second floor of the building, which is engaged in designing SI Chevakinsky and FS Argunov.
Manor at Peter B.
owned estate descendant of Boris Petrovich in connection with the sudden death of his wife and daughter in 1768 decided to move to Moscow.While there, he begins development of the estate.It he had inherited from his wife.Later on, when his son was fully completed Sheremetyev Palace in Ostankino.He, as well as the North, is a generic name and in the absence of the owner often leased and continues to restructure.
heyday of theater art in the estate
next owner of the estate in St. Petersburg becomes the son of Peter B. Nicholas.First, the new owner chose to live in Moscow, rarely visiting their northern possessions.However, in 1796 he moved to St. Petersburg.Under the direction of architect I. Starov begins a significant upgrade interior of the house on the Fontanka.Nikolai Petrovich was a great admirer of Performing Arts.In the palace he organized theater actors who were serfs.He even gave his freedom, and in 1801 he married one of his actresses, Praskovya Ivanovna Kovaleva.During his tenure restructuring manor engaged Quarenghi and Voronikhin.On the territory of the estate when they arose Garden Pavilion and the Summer House and carriage house.
"Live for Sheremetyevsky by"
After the death of Nikolai Petrovich in 1809, the estate passed to his son Dmitry, who at that time was only six years old.It creates a board of trustees headed by the chief trustee of MI Donaurovym.Ongoing active restructuring: in the 1810-20-ies appear stationery, fountain, hospital and Choral wing.The authors of the project H. Meyer and D. Kvardi.When Dmitri, served in the Cavalry Regiment, regular visitors to the palace becoming the owner of colleagues, there is an expression "to live Sheremetyevsky account."There is also often an artist Kiprensky and Pushkin.In 1837 Earl ties the knot with the maid of honor of the Empress Anna Sergeyevna.From this marriage in 1844, a son, Sergei.In 1838 the estate there is a cast-iron fence with a gate, decorated with the coat of arms of Count Sheremetyev.Architect J. D. Corsini, who worked for twenty years in the estate, radically rearranged all the palace premises.In the 1840s, its territory appears Garden wing.Needless estate has become one of the most visited places in the capital.It hosts musical evenings that adorn their performances Glinka, Berlioz, Liszt, Schubert.Dmitry Nikolayevich First Spouse dies of poisoning in 1849.Ten years later, in 1859, he married for the second time.In the light there is the son of Alexander.By Sheremetevsky palace in 1867 added a North wing.Author of the project - NL Benois.
Sergey and his view of the estate
In 1871, Count Dmitri dies.As a result, the division of property Sheremetievskiy Palace gets inherited Sergei Dmitrievich. In 1874, on the estate, new five-storey building (architect AK Serebryakov).From the Foundry prospectus built apartment houses, the front part on Fontanka - 34 are left unchanged.Beginning of the twentieth century is marked by the destruction.Destroyed Grotto, Hermitage, Garden Gate, The Orangery, Chinese gazebo.Riding Stables and rebuilt in the Theatre Hall - now the Drama Theatre on Foundry.It appears in 1914, two-storey commercial pavilions (architect M. Krasovsky).
estate after the revolution
In the post-revolutionary period Sheremetievskiy Palace was handed over to Sergey Dmitrievich at the disposal of the new government.In one of its wings from mid-1924 until 1952 lived Anna Akhmatova.The main part of the building have been redone.Until 1931, the museum was located here.Sheremetyev Palace in 1984, received the Research Institute for Arctic and Antarctic.As a result of improper use and care of interior halls lost grandeur and beauty, and some outbuildings have become residential flats.At the end of the 20th century gradually began to change the attitude to the name.Sheremetievskiy Palace undergone restoration.The main purpose of this event is to recreate the atmosphere of the XVIII century.The first exhibition in the palace was Sheremetyevo exhibits belonging to the family of the owners of the estate.Among them completely unique designs.Here, a collection of paintings and art objects, musical instruments.The house on the Fontanka, 34 traditionally hosts concerts and art expositions.Since 1989 he worked as a literary-memorial museum of Anna Akhmatova.It recreates the work room of the poet.The general public presented her books, photographs and personal belongings.In 2006, on the ground near Sheremetyevo Palace, a monument of Anna Akhmatova.Its opening was timed to coincide with the fortieth anniversary of the death of the poet.
What offers Sheremetievskiy Palace?
Music Museum, located in the building of the estate, has in its vaults of a huge collection of old instruments.It is considered one of the best in the world.The collection includes unique tools created by Russian and European artists in the 16th - 18th centuries, belonging to the Romanov dynasty, as well as unique specimens from around the world, which have no analogues.Also in the museum are Russian bells and recreated copies of various antique tools.You can visit the museum as part of a daily excursions taking place there.Topics them are very diverse.For example, in the framework of the tour "Sheremetiev" You can learn a lot about the creators of the estate of their life and destiny.There are other programs.For example, "Fountain House. The palace and the estate."This tour is dedicated to the architectural monument-estate and its creation.Within its framework, you can learn a lot of fascinating details from the life of the palace, for example, one of the legends that the design of the house were used drawings of Rastrelli.Still, most of the tours taking place in the Sheremetev Palace, devoted to the music: "The evolution of keyboards," "Wind Instruments - folk and professional", "Outstanding names in the collection of musical instruments" and others.
Manor today
Sheremetievskiy Palace, was the pride of five generations of its owners, their family nest.For several centuries, one of the owners maintain and increase property kind.Works of art, art gallery, antique sculptures, coins and weapon collection, a rich library - this is not a complete list of what the owners have owned the estate until 1917.Sheremetyev Palace, the photo of which are shown above, for centuries been a meeting place for intellectuals.Today, he has not lost its former greatness, and continues to attract millions of people.
