As already clear from the title of the article, the viaduct - a bridge construction.It features a design of bridges and other types of structures tall towers and a large length.Most often, the engineers propose to build such facilities at the points of intersection with swampy areas, river valleys, gorges and ravines.In that case, if a particular area is not appropriate construction high embankment, it is quite possible the construction of the viaduct, which, solving problems with movement on the territory, in addition is also a profitable option in economic terms.
Viaduct: the distinctive characteristics
Literally Viaduct - is Latin for "the way» (via) and "am» (duco).In other words, this is a special bridge leading through something (by facilitating the movement of something) and has very high support.However, if the bridge is an artificial construction that spill across the lake, river or other water obstacle, the viaduct - a structure which is drawn through the gorge, abyss or ravine.By the way, that this creature also differs from the overpass, which is the crossing of the highway, the railroad, and so on. D. From the rack having the same spans, the viaduct is characterized by their difference.The largest span is most often falls on the highest part of the whole bridge.In addition, the rack is built mainly on a flat surface.Viaduct - is entirely justified by the measure of construction, when the ground because of its weakness does not allow to be used as a bridge other structure.If necessary, its design allows you to gradually increase the clearance.It can be built from stone, concrete, reinforced concrete, metal.As a rule, the viaduct - is mostly multi-span and arched, not beams of construction.The history of the first such construction goes back to ancient times of prosperity of the Roman Empire.
most famous in the world
These viaducts are the most famous in the world:
- Kaluga stone bridge.
- Mokrinskiy train, located in the Chuvash Republic.
- Gelchtalbryukke - the tallest brick building of this type in the world.
- Scottish viaduct, located near the village of Glenfinnan.
- Syduhe Viaduct over the river (the lumen of the highest traffic bridge in the world is not less than 0.472 km).
- Millau Viaduct (his highest support is 0,341 km).
Read more about the latest
Millau Viaduct - is a construction bridge construction cabling system, which runs through the valley of the river Tarn near Millau in the south of France, Averonskom department.It is the last part of the highway A75, which provides high-speed movement of capital (Paris) to the town of Beziers.Authors of the project - two eminent scientists in the field of engineering and architecture: Michel Virlozho and Norman Foster.They built a grand structure intersects the lowest point of the valley of the river Tarn, binds red dress with Larzac plateau and runs the perimeter of a large fee (National Park) on the inner side thereof.
details on the parameters
Millau Bridge is a steel roadway, consisting of 8 spans.It provides support for the same amount of steel columns.The weight of the roadway - 36 000 tons.Its width is 32 m and the depth - 4.2 m. The total length of the viaduct of Millau is 2 460 meters. Each of the central span (6 pieces) has a length of 342 m, and the remaining two extremes - of 204 m. This viaduct, whose photosfascinate, as already mentioned - is one of the most famous in the world.Movement on it began in December 2004.I think that is not necessary to explain the difference between the viaduct of the bridge in this particular case.
Viaduct today
In the past, the bridge, which has a modern design of the viaduct, built entirely of massive stones, which goes a long manual scabbling.On the establishment of such projects was spent a large amount of manual labor and time.Such structures looked bulky and heavy, kind of had a quite reliable.Due to the fact that the very idea of such an architectural bridge was quite in demand by mankind in the development of civilization, and, respectively, and manufacturing of building materials and construction, and developed the idea of the construction of such structures.Use in the construction of bridges of metal, reinforced concrete and allows you to make them (the conservation and development of arch beam) less material.Through truss systems, today viaducts conquer imagination naked designs that are different visual weightlessness and fishnet and thus withstand incredible loads.
What viaduct
Anyone thinking about this question, realize that such a bridge - this witness people's ability to conquer nature, to tame her.It is through the power of his mind man could spend a safe and powerful way with a good length, where even from a geological point of view, it would seem, for this construction there is no way.These structures - an integral part of the twenty-first century, shows the development of the industrial and construction industries of our time.Each viaduct - a stunning beauty and power structure, which is the fruit of brilliant ideas of engineers and talented architects.
